396 Report of the Department of Entomology of the 



compressed-air sprayer. He also tested the use of Vreeland's 

 insecticide soap, using it at the rate of one part to six parts of 

 water. This strength killed the bugs readily, but it did not pene- 

 trate the drift and rubbish as completely as did the kerosene. 



Results on the insect. — Forty-eight hours after the water was drawn 

 off an examination was made of the bog. The vines for the most part 

 were free of the insects. In a few spots where the plants had not 

 been completely submerged by the water many insects were observed, 

 and a few specimens of the pest were also noticed along the margins 

 of certain portions of the marsh, which indicated a re-invasion of 

 the vines by bugs which had managed to escape from the treatment 

 with kerosene because of protection by weeds and rubbish. 



One week later young nymphs were found scattered in spots over 

 the section of the bog that had been infested before treatment. 

 These increased in number so much that by August 19 they were 

 quite plentiful. However, it is of interest to note that one could 

 readily distinguish between the insects on the bog before flooding 

 and those that appeared later, since the older bugs were always 

 larger than those that hatched after the treatment and were for 

 the most part grouped along the margins of the bog or on the un- 

 submerged areas, while the others were scattered about the vines 

 generally. From the better results secured by later flooding in 

 1913, and from the completed life-history studies, it is evident that 

 this flooding was made too early in the season; so that not over three- 

 quarters of the eggs were hatched when the bog was overflowed. 

 After the flooding, the nymphs from the unhatched eggs, with those 

 that escaped the oil through lack of thorough spraying when they 

 floated ashore, reinfested the bog. The appearance of so many 

 young nymphs after this flooding, joined with the fact that many 

 eggs must have passed through the earlier flooding of June 13 and 

 14, proves that the eggs of this pest can stand quite an extended 

 immersion in water. 



Bog No. 2. — This bog, which is owned by S. H. Woodhull & 

 Son, is located near Riverhead, Long Island, on Little River, and 

 contains about 30 acres. It is so situated that the entire bog must 

 be flooded together. Arrangements were made to flood as soon as 

 the fruit was picked, the object being to determine as far as possible 

 how late such a procedure could be carried out with advantage. 

 It was also hoped that the late flooding would facilitate the studies 



