New York Agricultural Experiment Station. 533 



soil. 

 Though the orchard was chosen because variations in the land 

 were few and not great, yet the character of the surface soil changes 

 slightly with the lay of the land. On the ridge and its slopes the 

 surface soil is a sandy loam of the Dunkirk series, nine or ten inches 

 deep and underlaid by a compact sandy subsoil. In the acre 

 depression the type changes to a dark colored Dunkirk loam, ten to 

 twelve inches deep, also underlaid by a fine compact sand. The 

 subsoil grows coarser as the depth increases providing very good 

 natural drainage. Table I shows the composition of the soil and 

 subsoil as determined by mechanical analysis. Table II gives the 

 necessary data as to the chemical constituents of the soil. 



Table I. — Mechanical Composition of the Soils and Subsoils in the 



Auchter Orchard. 



