590 Report of the Department of Horticulture of the 



stand of vines it promised much. All were vineyards of Concords. 

 The previous fertilization, with but one or two exceptions, was 

 rather infrequent applications of stable manure in moderate amounts. 

 In the exceptions some commercial fertilizers had been used. 



care of the vineyards. 



The cultivation before and during the period of the experiments 

 was that ordinarily practiced; namely, spring plowing, harrowing, 

 grape-hoeing and more or less frequent harrowings or cultivations 

 with the spring-tooth and disc harrows and diamond-tooth cultivator 

 until about August 1 and then plowing back to the vines. Only 

 in two vineyards has spraying been consistently done. The vine- 

 yards, with but two exceptions, were considered old. These two 

 are the Jennings and the Hamilton plantations which were, respec- 

 tively, 5 and 7 years set at the beginning of the experiments. 



Each vineyard has been pruned and trained according to the 

 Chautauqua System, the work being done usually by a man engaged 

 particularly for the task and not by the owner. There are two 

 exceptions to this practice in the six vineyards. 



amounts and methods of application of fertilizers. 



The same carriers and amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and 

 potassium have been used in each case that were used and discussed 

 under the Station experiment, namely nitrate of soda, dried blood, acid 

 phosphate and sulphate of potash. The only difference in the methods 

 of application was that the materials were all applied in a single treat- 

 ment and were plowed under. The time of application was generally 

 a little later than for those made at Fredonia. The same forms of lime 

 and like amounts were used in these experiments as in the Station 

 vineyards. The stable manure was applied in the spring at the 

 rate of 5 tons per acre and plowed under. The rate and time of 

 seeding the green crops was approximately the same as in the other 

 experiments. 



GAUGING THE RESULTS. 



In measuring the relative values of the different treatments in 

 the cooperative vineyards, only fruit yields have been used. The 

 range of time over which vineyards are pruned and lack of facilities 



