JSTew York Agricultural Experiment Station. 601 



where insect pests are epidemic and uncontrolled, or where good 

 care is lacking. The experiments furnish several examples of 

 inertness, ineffectiveness, or failure to produce profit where the 

 fertilizers were applied under any of the conditions named. 



Second, it is certain in some of the experiments and strongly 

 indicated in others that the soil is having a one-sided wear — that 

 only one or a very few of the elements of fertility are lacking. The 

 element most frequently lacking is nitrogen. The grape-grower 

 should try to discover which of the fertilizing elements his soil 

 lacks and not waste by using elements not needed. 



Third, the marked unevenness of the soil in all of the seven vine- 

 yards in which these experiments were carried on, as indicated by 

 the crops and the effects of the fertilizers, furnishes food for thought 

 to grape-growers. Maximum profits cannot be approached in 

 vineyards in which the soil is as uneven as in these, which were in 

 every case selected because there was an appearance of uniformity. 

 A problem before the grape-growers of Chautauqua County is to 

 make more uniform all conditions in their vineyards. 



Fourth, a grape-grower may assume that his vines do not need 

 fertilizers if they are vigorous and making a fair annual growth. 

 When the vineyard is found to be failing in vigor, the first step to 

 betaken is to make sure that the drainage is good; the second step, 

 to control insect and fungus pests; the third, to give tillage and 

 good care; and the fourth step is to apply fertilizers if they be found 

 necessary. 



