400 Keport of the IIokticulturist of the 



tions of the tree. The trunk and larger limbs may then be washed 

 with thi^k Bordeaux mixture or with one of the washes that are 

 recommended for this purpose. The following formula is given as 

 a type of these washes, as it contains the important ingredients: 



Wash for Thke Trunks. 



Whale oi! soap 1 pint. 



Slaked lime 3 pints. 



Water 4 gallons. 



Wood ashes To thicken as desired. 



Dissolve the soap in hot water, then stir in the lime. When 

 the ingredients have been reduced to a smooth state by stirring, 

 dilute with water to four gallons, then stir in wood ashes till the 

 wash is of the desired consistency. 



FIRE BLIGHT. 



The same as the '' Fire Blight of the Pear " discussed on page 

 443. 



FLY SPECK. 



(Leptothyrium pomi (Mont. & Fr.) Sacc.) 

 This disease, although commonly associated with sooty blotch, 

 on both apples and pears, is probably distinct from it. It appears 

 as groups of black dots resembling large fly specks. The specks 

 are not caused by any insect but by a fungus which, like the sooty 

 blotch fungus, is confined exclusively to the surface of the fruit. 

 The treatment for fly speck is the same as for sooty blotch. 

 See page 405. 



LEAF-SPOT. 



(PhyUosticta spp.) 

 Description. — This disease is caused by two very closely related 

 species of fungi. It attacks only the foliage. Very soon after 

 the buds break, the young leaves show small, reddish-brown spots. 

 As the leaves grow, the spots enlarge. When the leaves are full 

 grown the spots are brown, brittle, circular, with sharply defined 

 outline, and vary in diameter from one-twelfth to one-fourth of 



