Judging Cattle ix the Show-Eing. 19 



time to this work of awarding premiums, when we shall see its 

 important bearing upon all progress and by the use of more 

 individual judges be able to take up more effective work. If the 

 object be to educate, then the exhibitor has the right to demand 

 that the greatest possible amount of information be furnished by 

 the men who are to award the ribbons. Money spent in this way 

 will be productive of greater benefit to the state than for the 

 usual round of amusements. Let the expert, as he goes to his 

 work, take with him a boy and a blackboard, and as he marks up 

 the scores on the cards, let the boy mark up the board. If the 

 scores differ, the questions will be forthcoming, and right here 

 we touch what seems to be ideal work along the line of substan- 

 tial growth. It will require time and patience, but the man who 

 contributes the stock has as good a right to faithful service as 

 any other. Too long these rights have been neglected, because 

 not demanded. Let the fullest discussion be fostered. There will 

 be no awarding to owners in such a field, and the only point of 

 variance will be that of judgment. Here the expert protects him- 

 self and the society by his record. 



Until the time comes when this is possible, the experts should 

 remain on the grounds at least one-half day after their work is 

 completed, in order that disappointed exhibitors may seek them 

 out and satisfy their wishes for information. On such occasions 

 it is well to bring the animals together and indicate clearly the 

 points of difference and the reasons for the awards. If the horse 

 or cow has a large, coarse ear, a Roman nose, a thin or extremely 

 thick lip, let these be indicated, and their effect upon disposition, 

 which has so much to do with service, made plain. If you find 

 the walls of the abdomen thin and drawn, the muscular develop 

 ment deficient, let the fact of lack of vitality be made clear to the 

 grower or breeder. Falling back on the proposition that form 

 must govern purpose, and that each and every part bears relation 

 to every other, the force of these homely illustrations must be 

 admitted. 



But, you say, are these things necessary? Have we not seen 

 good horsf^s with Roman noses or dished faces, straight hocks or 



