IXJURIOUS I^^SECTS AND HoW TO CoNTROL ThEM. Yl 



iiig it. About the best that can be done is to keep the elms in a 

 vigorous condition and cut and burn all affected limbs. 



Elm leaf beetle. — In the Hudson river valley there is another elm 

 pest of considerable importance, and as it will soon make its way 

 to other sections of the State, it is worthy of a brief notice in this 

 connection. I refer to the elm leaf beetle, Galeriicella luteola, an 

 insect which has killed thousands of elms in the state and one that 

 in all probability will cause much greater loss in the next decade. 

 It has already been reported as present at Oswego and Rochester, 



and may occur at many other places in west- 

 ern New York. The yellowish, black striped 

 beetles about one-fourth of an inch long pass 

 the winter in houses, sheds, crevices in trunks 

 and similar shelters. In the early spring 

 they come forth, fly to the trees and begin 

 feeding on the unfolding leaves. Clusters of 

 three to over 20 yellowish eggs are deposited 

 on the under surface of the leaves throughout 

 May, the young hatching about the first of 

 FIG. .3 Elm leaf beetle, Juuc, aud Completing their growth in 15 or 20 



adult (reduced from How- ' jr o o 



book^l").''"'''"''"'' ^'''"■' days. There are two broods annually in 



Albany and vicinity. The beetles eat irregu- 

 lar holes in the foliage and the grubs feed exclusively on the under 

 surface; hence in order to poison both forms, it is imperative that 

 the leaves be sprayed from the under side. \\Tiere spraying with 

 poison is not done, some relief may be obtained by killing the 

 golden yellow pupse with hot water, kerosene emulsion, etc., after 

 they have collected in large numbers about the base of the tree. 

 This latter means can be made more effective by scraping the 

 rough bark from the tree and then constructing an inclosure a few 

 inches high around the base of the tree. Killing the insects once 

 in five days will give the best results with the least labor. 



Several very important scale insects are represented at figure 4 

 and every fruit grower should become familiar with their general 

 appearance. \ 



