84 Bureau of Farmers' Institutes. 



80 Lady bugs. Certain species are valuable agents in controlling plant 

 lice, which they and their young feed on. Some forms prey on scale 

 insects. 



81 Soldier beetles (ChauUognathus species). The beetles are among the 

 pollen carriers and the grubs prey on the larvae of the codling moth. 



82 Syrphus flies. The adults are usually seen among flowers but the 

 work of their frequently brightly colored larvae in reducing the number of 

 plant lice is not so well known. These beneficial maggots are nearly coni- 

 cal and may be found among colonies of plant life. 



83 Spined soldier bug {Podisus spinosus). Represents a number of 

 species which prey on other insects. This one feeds on various common 

 pests, such as the potato beetle, elm leaf beetle and asparagus beetle 

 grubs. 



84 Red tailed Tachina fly {WintJiemia IfpuHulata). Valuable parasite 

 of army worm, tent caterpillar and several other pests. 



FORMULAS. 



Internal poisons like paris green are used only against insects which 

 devour their food. Place where they must be eaten if the plant is at- 

 tacked and on nothing soon to be used for food. 



Paris green 1 lb., lime 1 lb., water 100-300 gal., or dry 1 lb. to 75 of plas- 

 ter or flour. London purple and paragrene may be used in the same manner. 



Arscnite of lime. Dissolve 1 lb. white arsenic, 4 lb. sal soda (washing 

 soda, carb. soda) in 1 gallon water by boiling in iron vessel 15 minutes, or 

 till arsenic dissolves, leaving only a little muddy sediment. Add water 

 lost in boiling, use 1 pint of this solution to 40 gallons water, to which 

 have been added 2 lb. freshly slacked lime, or add 1 pint of the solution to 

 40 gallons bordeaux mixture. 



Arsenate of lead. Dissolve 11 oz. acetate of lead (sugar of lead) in 4 

 quarts of water and 4 oz. arsenate soda (50 per cent, purity) in 2 quarts 

 water, each lot in a wooden pail, then add solutions to 100-150 gallons 

 water. May be used much stronger without injury to plants. Very good 

 paste forms are now on the market. 



Poisoned baits. Dip fresh clover or other attractive leaves in strongly 

 poisoned water, placed in infested localities. One lb. paris green, 50 lb. 

 bran, sweetened with molasses or cheap, sugar, mixed to a soft mash 

 with water is good for grasshoppers; 20 lb. dry middlings, 1 lb. paris 

 green, is good for cutworms. 



Poison carrier.^ Heat 1 pint fish oil or cheap animal oil except tallow, 

 5 lb. pulv. resin in iron kettle with 1 gallon water till resin softens; then 

 add lye solution (1 lb. concentrated lye dissolved as for soap); stir thor- 

 oughly; add 4 gallons water and boil two hours, or till mixture will 

 unite with cold water, making a clear, amber colored liquid. Add water 

 to make 5 gallons. L'^se 1 gallon of the solution to IG gallons water and 

 add 3 gallons milk of lime and ^4 lb. paris green. 



1 Recommended liy ilr. Siiiiae for holding poison on cabbage. 



