330 Bureau of Farmers' Institutes. 



There they are fed succulent foods such as roots. Here we giye 

 dry feed and grain. The shepherds of England feed but IG bushels 

 of grain to their flocks, while we feed an average of 47 bushels. 

 If profit is to come, we must aim at a certain production, which 

 should be mutton, or, rather, lamb. So select the breed that will 

 produce the most and best, first selecting the one you like best. 

 When all the knowledge of the sheep needed has been obtained, 

 there will be money in them. But one must constantly make 

 selections of the breeding ewes, keeping those that are the best, 

 so as to get the most lambs, which should be dropped as early in 

 the season as possible. 



\vuat breed of sheep is best for all purposes? 



Dr. Smead. — The one that the man under his individual condi- 

 tions can make the most money out of. But the soils and climate 

 of this State are favorable to the keeping of any and all breeds, 

 so I am going to say that, if one will study the individuality of 

 either one of them, and feed and care for it as he should, money 

 can be made from it. It will depend, not on the breed, but upon 

 the man who handles it. But be sure to have the breed or else 

 keep scrubs, and scrub it through life. 



What is the best variety of rape for sheep? 



Mr. Ward. — Dwarf Essex is the best variety. I have been re- 

 ported as saying that Dwarf Victoria was best; I have never 

 said anything of the kind. If anybody asks you to feed it, do not 

 do it, but get the Dwarf Essex seed which you may obtain of 

 William Pennie, Toronto, Canada. 



How many sheep can I l^eep on the food one cow ought to have, Ijeep- 

 Ing both in good condition? 



Dr. Smead. — It would depend on the sheep, its breed; the cow, 

 and her breed. In my boyhood days the rule was ten sheep for 

 one cow, both being grades. In those days we saw many dead 

 sheep lying around the barn yard, and later, when the March 

 etorms came, many dead lambs. In those days it was possible for 

 ten sbeep, weighing 100 lb. each to go through the winter for 

 about the same cost as a cow weighing 1,000 pounds. To-day it 

 cannot be done. It requires food to support ewes that are to 



