20 EXPERIMENTAL FARMS 



5-6 EDWARD Vll., A. 1906 



Occasionally a car Is found to be ' plugged,' that is fraudulently loaded by putting 

 inferior wheat in parts of the car where the shipi)er imagines it will not be detected- 

 Where any indication of this is noticed the car is ' stabbed ' in many places, and all 

 parts of it closely examined. If the inspector has reason to believe that plugging was 

 intended the law requires that the whole car shall -be graded at the same value as the 

 poorest grade found in the car. This penalty is a severe one, and hence ' plugging ' is 

 not a common practice. 



With sufficient and competent help the grading of grain is very rapidly done, and 

 a whole train load of wheat can be examined and graded in the course of an hour or 

 two. The sample bags from the cars are carried to the inspector's office near the rail- 

 way yard, where they are successively spread out on a large table, carefully examined, 

 and their grade finally determined by the deputy inspectors. The grain is then put 

 back in the bags with the cards, when they are filed away for reference. 



A complete report on each car is made, one copy of which is sent to Fort Wil- 

 liam and another to the office of the chief inspector, Mr. David Horn. Certificates for 

 each car are also sent to the parties interested. Every day the entire record for all 

 the cars arriving during the previous 24 hours is completed and disposed of. From 

 20 to 30 men are employed at this work during the bxxsy period. The fee fixed by law 

 for the inspection is 40 cents per car; the cars will average about 1,000 bushels each. 



HOW FARMERS DISPOSE OF THEIR CROPS. 



Some farmers sell their grain at the elevators, while others prefer to load and ship 

 their own grain. These latter usually consign their wheat to an independent broker, 

 one not connected in any way with elevator or railway companies. He charges one 

 cent per bushel for looking after the business of marketing the wheat, and remitting 

 the money received for it, H the farmer sells to an elevator company, his wheat is 

 then graded by the man in charge, but only temporarily and for the purpose of giving 

 the farmer cash. If the farmer objects to the local grading a sample of the wheat is 

 Bent to the chief inspector at Winnipeg, and if he grades it higher than the man at the 

 elevator did, then the elevator company must pay the farmer the difference in market 

 price between the grades on the day of sale. 



HOW THE CROPS OF 1904 AND 1905 HAVE GRADED. 



In the following table the first coluran shows the total returns for the inspection 

 ci the crop of 1904. In the second column the total number of cars of wheat of the 

 crop of 1905, inspected to December 1, 1905: — 



Crop of WOJt. Crop of 1905 Inspected to Dec. 1, 1905. 



Cars. Cars. 



No. 1 Hard 176 No. 1 Hard 632 



No. 1 Northern 3,788 No. 1 Northern 17,833 



No. 2 " 11,585 No. 2 " 6,858 



No. 3 " 9,293 No. 3 " 996 



No. 4 Extra 2,214 No. 4 Extra 5 



No. 4 3,036 No. 4 58 



No. 5 2,247 No. 5 1 



Eeed 1,098 Feed None. 



Feed No. 2 233 Feed No. 2 None. 



Eejected (for weed seeds) .... 603 Rejected (for weed seeds) .... 1,535 



No. 1 Rejected (for smut) 631 No. 1 Rejected (for smut) . . . 1,227 



No. 2 " " .... 591 No. 2 " « ... 1,234 



Screenings 40 Screenings 9 



Condemned 78 Condemned 10 



No Grade 2,279 No Grade 155 



