40 



EXPERIMENTAL FARMS 



5-6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906 



ploughed in the autumn after the crop was gathered, gang-ploughed .deeply in the 

 spring after the barn-yard manure had been spread on plots 1, 2 and 6, and after gang- 

 ploughing, the other fertilizers were spread by scattering them evenly over the surface, 

 after which it was all harrowed with the smoothing harrow, then made in ridges 2 feefi 

 apart, rolled and sown. 



The variety of mangel principally grown was the Mammoth Long Eed, and four 

 pounds of seed were sown per acre each year. 



The variety of turnip chiefly sown was the Prize Purple Top Swede. The land 

 itsed for the turnips, which are usually sown later than the mangels, was prepared in 

 the same manner as for the mangels. It was then allowed to stand until the day before 

 sowing, when it was gang-ploughed shallow or cultivated to kill weeds and loosen the 

 Boil, ridged, rolled and sown. About 3 pounds of seed were sown per acre. 



In 1900 and 1903, no crops of mangels or turnips were grown, but clover was sown 

 in their place in May in the proportion of 12 pounds per acre. This made a strong 

 growth and was cut twice each year during the season, and left on the ground to decay, 

 so that when ploughed under, the land might get the full benefit of the clover crop. 

 The clover was allowed to remain growing until near the middle of May, the second 

 year following, by which time it had made a very heavy growth. It was then ploughed 

 under about 6 inches deep and harrowed well, then made into ridges 2 feet apart. 

 These were rolled with a hand roller, which flattened the ridges considerably and made 

 a firm, even seed bed. The crops of clover and roots were alternated in this way, for 

 the purpose of supplying humus and also of gaining information as to the fertilizing 

 effect of green clover ploughed under on land to be used for growing roots. 



In 1905, the mangels were sown on May 6, and pulled on October 17; the turnips 

 were sown May 10, and pulled October 8. The yield per acre has been calculated in 

 each case frm the weight of roots gathered from the whole plot. 



EXPERIMENTS WITH FERTILIZERS ON PLOTS OF MANGELS AND TURNIPS. 



o 



r—t 



o 



Fertilizers applied each year from 

 1889 to 181)8 or 1899. No fertilizers 

 used from that time to 1905. Clover 

 sown in 1900 in place of the roots 

 and ploughed under in May, 1901, 

 before the roots were sown. In 

 1903 clover was again 8c>vvn and 

 ploughed under in May, 1904. In 

 1905 fertilizers again applied as in 

 1899, clover discontinued. 



Barn -yard manure (mixed horse and 

 cow manure) well rotted, 20 tons 

 per acre each year from 1889 to 

 1898 inclusive. No manure used 

 from 1899 to 1905. In 1 905 manure 

 was again used as at first 



Barn-yard manure (mixed horse and 

 cow manure) fresh, 20 tons per acre 

 each year from 1889 to 1898 in- 

 clusive. No manure used from 1899 

 to 1905. In 1905 manure was again 

 used as at first. 



Unmanured from the beginning 



Mineral phosphate, untreated, finely 

 ground, 1,000 lbs. per acre, used 

 each year from 1889 to 1897, in- 

 clusive. In 1898 and 1899 a similar 

 weight of the Thomas' phosphate 

 was used. No fertilizer used from 

 1900 to 1905. In 1905 fertilizer 

 a^ain used as in 1899 ^ 



Average Yield 



FOR 



Thirteen Years. 



Mangels, 

 Weight 

 of roots. 



Per Acre 



Tons. lbs. 



21 1879 



20 1535 

 9 58 



Turnips, 

 Weight 

 of roots. 



Per Acre. 



Tons. lbs. 



16 475 



16 570 

 7 1669 



8 1739 8 1307 



16th Seasojj, 1905. 

 Varieties. 



East Half 

 I'lot. 



Turnips 

 Purple 



Top 

 Swede. 

 Weight 

 of roots. 



Per Acre. 



Tons. lbs. 



8 300 



8 30 



2 1610 



3 1430 



West Half 

 Plot. 



Mangels 



Mammoth 



Long Red, 



Weight 



of roots. 



Per Acre. 



Tons. lbs. 



25 1000 



Average Yield 



for 



Fourteen Years. 



Mangels, 

 Weight 

 of roots. 



Per Acre. 



Tons. lbs. 



358 



Turnips, 

 Weight 

 of roots. 



Per Acre. 



Tons. lbs. 



15 1397 



27 850 21 423 15 1467 

 8 420 8 1949 7 998 



10 490 8 1922 8 649 



