2Q THE BUREAU OF SCIENCE 



unless they be contaminated with the faeces of a case of enta- 

 moebic dysentery. The results which have been obtained will 

 appear in The Philippine Journal of Science (see page 48). 



9. Balmitidiasis. — The first case reported in the Philippine 

 Islands of infection with the ciliated protozoan, Balantidium coli, 

 was in 1900. The early reports of this Bureau indicated that 

 balantidiasis, while sometimes giving rise to a fatal dysentery, 

 was a disease of rare occurrence. However, recent investiga- 

 tions have shown that infections of man with this parasite are 

 relatively frequent and of wide distribution in these Islands and 

 consequently deserving of further study (see page 48). 



10. Malaria. — This is probably the most widespread of all 

 tropical diseases. Investigations conducted in this Bureau in 

 1910 showed that about 12,000 deaths due to it are reported 

 each year in the Philippine Islands. Incidence of infection in 

 certain parts of the Philippine Islands has been determined by 

 medical surveys conducted by the Bureau of Science. At Taytay, 

 Luzon, the incidence as determined by the examination of 1,131 

 persons was only 1.5 per cent. It was found to be prevalent in 

 the pernicious type in Itbayat Island of the Batanes group, but 

 no statistics were secured. At the San Jose estate on Mindoro 

 the incidence as determined by the examination of over a thou- 

 sand blood smears from different persons for malarial parasites 

 was about 30 per cent (see page 48). Experiments have been 

 conducted on the treatment of malaria with arsenophenylglycin 

 and on the transmission of malaria by the anopheline mosquito, 

 Myzomyia ludloivii. 



11. Helminthiasis. — Infections with worm parasites are very 

 prevalent in the Philippines as they are in all tropical countries. 

 Numerous extended statistical studies have been made of the 

 prevalence and distribution of the intestinal parasitic worms in 

 different parts of the Philippine Islands, including Manila; 

 Taytay, Rizal; Las Pinas, Rizal; Tuguegarao, Cagayan; Santa 

 Isabel, Isabela; Baguio, Benguet; and San Antonio and Malauno, 

 Isabela. In all, 19,302 persons have been examined, of whom 

 16,535, or 85.66 per cent, were found with single or multiple 

 infections with verminous parasites. Cases of infection with 

 the rarer worm parasites and at least one new species have been 

 discovered. Investigations have been made on trichocephaliasis 

 and on the etiology, pathology, symptomatology, and treatment of 

 paragonimiasis in the Philippines. The efficient prophylaxis 

 against certain worm parasites depends upon a knowledge of 

 their complex life histories, especially of that part of their 

 development which takes place outside of man. With this 



