42 THE BUREAU OF SCIENCE 



and oil fields, use must be made of information concerning the 

 fossils, in the correlation of the strata. Our paleontologic studies 

 have enabled us to correlate the coal and oil horizons of the 

 Archipelago with similar deposits in Java, Borneo, Formosa, 

 Sumatra, and other countries, and to deal intelligibly with facts 

 which otherwise might have been obscure or unintelligible. 



76. Models. — The Bureau of Science has a number of models 

 of mines and mining appliances consisting of dredges, cyanide 

 mills, blast furnaces, coal and metal mine models, etc. These are 

 being constantly examined by students, prospectors, and laymen, 

 and it is not unusual for such models to be made use of in litiga- 

 tions in explaining disputed points on technical questions. 



77. Engineering geology. — Investigations have been carried on 

 which clearly demonstrate that the correct interpretation in 

 the location and design of many types of engineering projects 

 is not only desirable but imperative, and the aid of an engineer- 

 ing geologist is often necessary when least expected. Our re- 

 searches have explained discrepancies between astronomical and 

 trigonometrical stations, and have referred them to the com- 

 position and specific gravity of mountain masses, after which 

 the proper compensations and corrections were made. 



78. Physiographic studies. — These investigations, which grow 

 out of geologic studies, have great application in aiding ethnolo- 

 gists and historians in arriving at accurate and comprehensive 

 conceptions of the factors which control the distribution of races 

 and tribes and the development of their customs and in the cor- 

 rect interpretation of the past and future course of these fac- 

 tors. They should guide legislators in proposing laws and assist 

 capitalists and executives in projecting large constructive econo- 

 mic projects, particularly in opening up new countries. 



WORK OF THE FISCAL YEAR 



The position of Director of the Bureau of Science, left vacant 

 by the death of Dr. Paul C. Freer on April 17, 1912, has not yet 

 been filled. The Assistant Director, who was appointed Acting 

 Director on May 25, 1913, has continued to direct the affairs of 

 the Bureau during the year. 



Considerable attention has been given to the work of land- 

 scape gardening, general beautification of the lawns, and to the 

 improvement of the grounds of the Bureau of Science. The di- 

 lapidated buildings in the rear have been repaired or removed, 

 unsightly holes have been filled and irregular places leveled, 

 and the hedges replanted. The Bureau of Public Works has 

 overhauled the monkey house and the taxidermist's laboratory — 



