FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 49 



REFERENCES 



The alcohol industry of the Philippine Islands; a study of some palms of 

 commercial importance with special reference to the saps and their uses, 

 Philippine Journal of Science, Sec. A (1911), vol. 6, No. 2, 110-145. The 

 nipa paim as a commercial source of sugar; a consideration of the principal 

 difficulties encountered in collecting and preserving nipa palm sap, Phil. 

 Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1913), vol. 8, No. 6, 377-398. The alcohol industry 

 of the Philippine Islands, Merchants' Association Review, Manila (1911), 

 vol. 1, No. 6, 10-12. Value of industrial alcohol as motor fuel, Bureau of 

 Science press bulletin 49. 



The alcohol industry of the Philipine Islands: Distilled liquors; their 

 consumption and manufacture, Phil. Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1912), vol. 7, 

 No. 1, 19-46. Philippine palm brandies (article in preparation). 



PHILIPPINE BUREAU OF SCIENCE CHART 3 



COCONUTS 



[See prints in photograph stand.] 



More copra is exported from the Philippine Islands than from any other 

 country. Copra and coconut oil to the value of $13,900,000 (f=27,800,00) 

 were exported in 1915. The Bureau of Science has shown that the use of 

 the fumes from burning sulphur in the drying process will greatly improve 

 the product. This process has several advantages over the usual methods 

 of drying, namely: 



The sulphur fumes prevent the growth of molds during the drying 



process and make an exceptionally white and uniform product. 

 There is no loss of oil during the process. 

 A greater weight of copra is obtained from a given number of nuts, 



for no oil is destroyed by growing organisms. 

 The keeping quality of the copra is improved. 



The oil is practically colorless, is free from rancidity, and is pro- 

 nounced equal to, or even better than, the best Cochin oil. 



REFERENCES 



On the water relations of the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) — On the 

 oil produced from the nuts — The factors entering into the rancidity of the 

 oil — The insects attacking the trees, Philippine Journal of Science (1906), 

 vol. 1, No. 1, 3-57. The coconut and its relation to the production of 

 coconut oil, Phil. Journ. Sci. (1906), vol. 1, No. 1, 58-82. The keeping 

 qualities of coconut oil and the causes of its rancidity, Phil. Journ. Sci. 

 (1906), vol. 1, No. 2, 117-142. The principal insects attacking the coconut 

 palm, Phil. Journ. Sci. (1906), vol. 1, No. 2, 143-168; No. 3, 211-228. 

 Purification of coconut oil, Phil. Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1908), vol. 3, No. 1, 

 45-57. Notes on the sprouting coconut, on copra, and on coconut oil, Phil. 

 Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1908), vol. 3, No. 3, 111-135. On the detection and 

 determination of coconut oil, Phil. Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1908), vol. 3, No. 5, 

 371-375. Copra spoilage on a large scale, Phil. Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1913), 

 vol. 8, No. 6, 439-441. The coconut and its products in Ceylon, Phil. Journ. 

 Sci., Sec. A (1914), vol. 9, No. 2, 177-199. The Philippine Review (Re- 

 vista Filipina) (1916), vol. 1, No. 1, 40. Copra loss in drying. Bureau of 

 Science press bulletin 46. 

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