FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 53 



Sci., Sec. A (1912), vol. 7, No. 5, 317-356. Mineral Resources P. I. for 

 1912 (1913), 58-71. 



PHILIPPINE BUREAU OF SCIENCE CHART 8 

 PETROLEUM, GAS, COAL, AND ASPHALT 

 [See prints in photograph stand.] 



Petroleum. — The petroleum beds of Bondoc Peninsula, Tayabas Province, 

 Luzon, have been studied by the Bureau of Science and are believed to be 

 worthy of exploration by drilling. Petroleum is known also in Cebu, Iloilo, 

 Capiz, and Leyte Provinces and in Mindanao Island. The oil of Bondoc 

 Peninsula has a paraffin base and is practically free from sulphur. 



Gas. — Natural gas occurs with the petroleum and has been encountered 

 also in artesian wells in Albay, Pampanga, and other provinces. 



CoaL— Nearly $1,500,000 (?3,000,000) worth of coal was imported into the 

 Philippine Islands in 1916. Almost every island in the Philippine Archi- 

 pelago and a majority of the provinces are known to contain coal or lignite. 

 The Bureau of Science has accumulated data concerning the quantity and the 

 quality of the coal in the different fields. Estimates indicate 3,500,000 tons 

 of black lignite and 1,000,000 tons of sub-bituminous coal, while the probable 

 tonnage is: Black lignite, 26,500,000; sub-bituminous, 31,500,000; bituminous 

 or semi-anthracite, 3,500,000. The largest annual (1909) production to date 

 is 30,336 metric tons, valued at $98,592 (rl97,184). Coking-coal occurs 

 in Cebu Province, but the seams have not yet been proved economically 

 important. With Philippine coal the Bureau of Science has been able to 

 produce electric power by means of its 67-horsepower Otto suction producer- 

 gas plant at $0.0165 (?=0.033) per net kilowatt hour. 



Asphalt. — Commercial quantities of asphaltic materials exist in Lejrte, 

 and some exploratory work has been done on the deposits. There is a great 

 abundance of low-grade material from which high-grade asphalt could be 

 extracted. Various outcrops and seepages of hydrocarbons, ranging from 

 petroleum itself through viscous liquids and semisolids to hard coallike 

 bitumens, are known, and a proper combination of the different materials 

 could no doubt be made to fulfil almost any road conditions. 



REFERENCES 



The geology and petroleum resources of the southern part of Bondoc 

 Peninsula, Tayabas Province, Philippine Journal of Science, Sec. A (1913), 

 vol. 8, No. 5, 301-376. Petroleum on Bondoc Peninsula, Tayabas, Mineral 

 Resources P. I. for 1912 (1913), 49-57. Petroleum and residual bitumens 

 in Leyte, Phil. Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1915), vol. 10, No. 4, 241-279. Petro- 

 leum in Cebu, Phil. Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1915), vol. 10, No. 4, 281-287. 

 Petroleum on Bondoc Peninsula, Tayabas Province, Bureau of Science press 

 bulletins 17 and 19. 



Philippine coals and their gas-producing power, Phil. Journ. Sci. (1906), 

 vol. 1, No. 8, 877-902. The proximate analysis of Philippine coals, Phil. 

 Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1907), vol. 2, No. 1, 41-65. The geology of the Com- 

 postela-Danao coal field, Phil. Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1907), vol. 2, No. 6, 

 377-405. The relationship between the external appearance and the ash 

 content of Philippine coal, Phil. Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1908), vol. 3, No. 2, 

 91-93. Coal in the Cagayan Valley, Phil. Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1908), vol. 

 3, No. 6, 535-537. Philippine coals as fuel, Phil. Journ. Sci., Sec. A (1908), 

 vol. 3, No. 5, 301-355. Calorimetry and the determination of the calorific 



