Bureau of Farmers' Institutes. 



Question. — How long will it take the San Jose scale to destroy 

 an ordinary orchard, after it has been introduced? 



Mr. Witter. — No doubt it would depend on the condition of 

 the orchard. It would only be a question of a few years. 



Question. — A resin wash was recommended at Hornellsville to 

 spray to kill the San Jose scale. What is the formula for pre- 

 paring it. and how much should be used? 



Mr. Woodward. — There are several formulas for makinc; it. 

 We use the resin washes for the bark louse and plum scale, but 

 have not used it for San Jose scale, because we do not have it; 

 but I am confident it will be found as s:ood for that scale. It is 

 being used in California, and it is said seals up the young scale 

 so that it cannot get from under it. One of the best formulas is: 

 2 pounds of common resin, 1 pound of caustic soda, 1 pint of fish 

 oil, and 2 gallons of water. Mix and boil; when cool it will look 

 like thick, yellow soft soap. Dilute in 40 gallons of water. 



Question. — How about whale oil soap mixed with kerosene oil ? 



Mr. Rice. — I don't know; we have never used it. We are 

 treating our plum orchard with the gas, using a large tent which 

 covers the trees, and we expect to eradicate the scale on these 

 trees, but it will be many years before we can drive it out of the 

 apple orchards, as the trees are too large to treat by using the 

 tent and gas. We spray our very young trees with crude petro- 

 leum, before the leaves come out, to kill the scale. It has 25 

 per cent, strength. 



Question. — Which is the best to spray with, green arsenoid or 

 white arsenic and soda? Which costs most? 



Mr. Smith. — White arsenic and washing soda, one pound of 

 white arsenic, 4 pounds of soda and 2 gallons of water. A pound 

 of arsenic used in that way is equal to two pounds of Paris green, 

 so that twice the quantity of water will be required than would 

 with Paris green. 



Mr. Woodward. — Dissolve the arsenic and soda by boiling them 

 15 minute-. The cost is much less than is Paris green, and 

 the mixture is much easier sprayed on, as it remains much longer 

 in suspension, than does the green. 



Question. — - How many times would you spray fruit trees? 



Prof. Low. — Spray four times, at intervals of about 10 days, 

 using poison to kill insects, and the Bordeaux mixture mixed, the 

 to prevent the leaf blight and the scab fungus from 

 appeari 



Mr. Bice. — The time to spray is early in the season. Do it 



