110 Bureau of Farmers' Institutes. 



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opinion, but I should not want to put fro/en lumps of manure 

 on the land. Would prefer drawing it out and spreading it as 

 fast as made. I do not believe a weeder would break up 

 - ch lumps. I think a smoothing harrow would be better. 

 There are a number of weeders on the market; all are good; but 

 I do not see any material benefit of wheels on one, nor would I 

 buy one too light. 



Question. — What is the best variety of pea to sow with oats 

 for hay; what is the best way to put them in? 



Mr. Smith. — The best pea for the purpose is the small Canada 

 pea. Put them in four or five days before you sow the oats. 



Mr. Woodward. — We plow our Canada peas under to a depth 

 of four inches, sowing a bushel to a bushel and a half per acre. 

 Four or five days later we drill in the oats, going across the field. 



Mr. Dawley. — If one is to sow oats with peas, select some one 

 of the strong growing varieties. Too many farmers have become 

 disgusted, when trying to grow them, from having selected some 

 one of the feeble-^rowina* varieties. 



Question. — Is it right to confine cattle in stables from early 

 fall till spring, with no exercise except as they are let out to drink? 



Mr. Gould. — Yes and no. It is better to allow cows, which 

 are kept in dark, damp stables, to go out every day, because the 

 air is purer out there. But, if the stables are well ventilated 

 and are dry and light, unless the weather is very mild, the better 

 place for the cow is in the stable. We keep our cows in the barn 

 most of the time in winter, and have never had a case of tuber- 

 culosis in the herd, some of which are 13 years old. 



Question. — What is the best remedy for exterminating the 

 brake weed? 



A Farmer. — Cultivation, if you will stick to it, will kill it. 



Mr. Smith. — That is true. Cultivation will not only kill 

 brakes, but every other plant, if persisted in thoroughly. 



Question. — How can we best destroy " paint brush/''' or " red 

 weed "? 



Mr. Smith. — Hawkweed was originally grown because of its 

 beautiful flower; but it got loose, " ran wild," and has become 

 very difficult to drive out. The seed lives a long time in the 

 ground, and so requires pretty thorough attention to eradicate it. 

 Cultivation will do it in time, but there are many places where 

 the land cannot be cultivated. On such land, salt will kill out 

 the plant. A half-ton of salt, sown broadcast per acre, when the 

 weather is hot and dry, will take out all the moisture from the 



