Dairy Farming in Canada. 471 



nation are becoming better correlated to one another. The effi- 

 ciency of each is being improved with decided advantage to all. 

 So far as the Department of Agriculture is connected with these, 

 they may be mentioned as the production, transportation, distri- 

 bution, legislation, and education. The main aims of education, 

 on the side of it which looks out towards and leads out to material 

 progress, are to develop intelligence, enlarge practical ability, and 

 promote co-operation. 



Mention should not be omitted here of the actual steps which 

 have been taken by a great many different agencies in helping 

 on the great national movement for the improvement of agriculture 

 in general, and dairy farming in particular. The first Dairymen's 

 Association of Ontario was formed in 1867. It and the others 

 which have been organized since, have diffused information in an 

 attractive and effective way. These associations have brought to 

 the front men who have been worthy leaders and who have been 

 successful in leadership from personal ability, and from liking the 

 people whom they sought to help. A great factor in the progress 

 of dairy farming has also been the commercial talent of the 

 men who have purchased the products and exported them to Great 

 Britain. These men have passed on to the manufacturers and 

 the farmers who supplied the milk, information of a directly 

 helpful sort. Then the exhibitions, travelling dairy instructors, 

 dairy schools, illustration dairy stations, and bulletins, have all 

 been agencies contributing their quota of assistance. The bulle- 

 tins published by the different Departments of Agriculture, the 

 newspapers, and the agricultural papers, have been powers for 

 good among the people in connection with this work. These 

 are sowers of seeds, seeds that spring up, seeds of opinions only 

 in many cases, but seeds from which have risen the opinions of 

 the people; and these have had a marked effect on their attitude, 

 on their character, and on the ideals toward which they have 

 striven and are still striving. As one instance of the particular 

 value of good illustration work in dairy farming, let me cite a 

 case from the beginnings of co-operative dairy farming in Prince 

 Edward Island. In IS 92, one illustration daily station was started 

 by the Dominion Department of Agriculture. Part of the 

 cheese from it was exported to Great Britain, of which part was 

 sold for fifty-six shillings and sixpence per hundredweight. 

 Ordinary finest quality cheese from Canada at that time was 

 selling at fifty-six shillings per hundredweight. That sixpence 



