REPORT OF THE HORTICULTURIST 119 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 16 



many of the varieties which were in the plantation from growers of strav.'berry plants 

 as they are not nov/ offered for sale. These varieties had been retained as they were 

 found superior to many of the new kinds put on the market each year. 



A new plantation was made in May, 1906. As some varieties stood the hardships 

 of the winter of 1905-6 better than others, a list of those which appeared the hardiest 

 is given as these should be among the most useful where the climate is severe. 



LIST OF STRAWBERRIES WHICH CAME THROUGH THE WINTER OF 1905-6 IN THE BEST 



CONDITION. 



Hardiest. — Beder Wood, Lovett, Senator Dunlap, Pocomoke, Crescent. 



Probably almost or quite as hardy — conditions a little more favourable. — Pis- 

 mark, Steven's Late Champion, Hawaii, Abington, Howard, Luxury, Hero, Sunshine, 

 New Globe, Jucunda Improved, Giant, Armstrong, Uncle Jim, Giant Ruby, and 

 Carleton. 



In 1903, spring frosts did much damage in the strawberry plantation by injur- 

 ing the flower buds and the yields that year were very small. Of the varieties which 

 proved hardiest after the winter of 1905-6, the Jucunda Improved, Lovett, Crescent, 

 and Peder Wood, appear in the list of the twenty-five which yielded best in 1903, 

 showing that these are both hardy in flower and plant. 



A NORTHERN EXPERIMENTAL ORCHARD. 



In the annual reports of the Horticulturist for 1895 and 1899, there were pub- 

 lished the results of experiments in fruit culture by Mr. J. C. Chapais, St. Denis, 

 Kamouraska county, P.Q. It seems desirable to again publish an account of the 

 orchard which will bring the results of the experiments up to date. These results 

 were summed up by Mr. Chapais in the following paper which he presented before 

 the Quebec Pomological Society recently. 



'ORCHARD EXPERIMENTS IN EASTERN QUEBEC. 



ANALYSIS OF A LECTURE DELIVERED BEFORE THE WINTER CON"VT2NTION OF THE QUEBEC POMO- 

 LOGICAL SOCIETY, HELD AT KNOWLTON_, BROFE COUNTY, P.Q., 

 ON DECEMBER 19 AND 20, 1900. 



Twenty years ago, we undertook, in the province of Quebec, at St. Denis, Kam- 

 ouraska county, P.Q., a locality situated 90 miles below the city of Quebec, on the 

 St. Lawrence river, by 47° SO' of latitude north, some experiments in small and large 

 fruit growing. We give here a few particulars on the climate of that region and on 

 tlie ground of our orchard. , 



Lowest temperature experienced in 43 years — 34° F. below zero. 



Highest temperature experienced m 43 years — 96° F. 



Average rainfall experienced iy. 43 years — 28^ inches, including the winter snow- 

 fall, which gives an average of three feet deep in the open country. 



Predominant winds are northeastern, saturated with salt emanations from Gulf 

 of St. Lawrence. 



The soil of the orchard, which is gently sloping to the north, is composed of sandy 

 clay, naturally damp, but well drained. A wind-break of white-spruce shelters the 

 orchard on the northeastern side. 



At the time we began our experiments, we were growing a few seedling apple 

 trees, the Bine Damson and ]\rontmorency plums and the common or French cherry, 

 but, practically, no grafted fruit trees of any kind. We have been trying, since, 51 



