176 



EXPERIMENTAL FARMS 



7-8 EDWARD VII., A. 1908 



The results from the heets grown at Ottawa show a decided improvement over 

 those of 1905, which it may be remembered was a rather exceptional season and one 

 not conducive to the proper ripening of the beet. 



The beets from the Farm at Brandon are of very good quality, both as regards 

 richness in sugar and purity of juice. The data are considerably higher than those 

 obtained from the crop of 1905. 



Very satisfactory results, as far as analysis is concerned, were obtained from the 

 beets grown at Indian Head, Saslc, though the co-efficient of purity is decidedly 

 lower than that of the Brandon beets. 



Though not equal to the crop of 1905, the beets grown at Agassiz this past' season 

 may be considered roots of fair average quality and sufficiently rich for factory pur- 

 poses. 



In the following table we present the average results, as regards the percentage 

 ©f sug^r in juice, from the three varieties, Vilmorin's Improved, Klein Wanzleben, 

 the Tres Riche, grown on the Experimental Farms for the past five years : — 



Average Percentage of Sugar in Juice in Sugar Beets Grown on the Experimental 



Farms, 1902-1906. 



Locality. 



Nappan, N.S 



Ottawa, Ont 



Brandon, Man 



Indian Head, Sask. 

 Agassiz, B.C 



1902. 



15 87 

 16-77 



15 15 



1903. 



15 

 IB 

 U 

 16 

 17 



33 

 34 



36 

 54 

 44 



1904. 



14 41 

 16-91 

 16-62 

 15-24 

 8-10? 



1805. 



16-52 

 12-45 

 11 -09 

 14-94 



17-32 



1906. 



17 

 14 

 15 

 14 

 14 



08 

 -37 

 •50 

 -91 

 -23 



A careful survey of our v.'ork in this connection since the establishment of the 

 Experimental Farms has shown that an intimate relationship exists between seasonal 

 conditions and sugar production. Inherited richness (obtained by breeding and 

 selection) and the culture which the beet receives are undoubtedly important factors, 

 but looking back over the records of the past 19 years, I think our data will serve to 

 demonstrate the susceptibility of the beet to excessive or abnormal rainfall and 

 temperature, especially during the autumn months. Dr. H. W. Wiley, Chief Chemist, 

 Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., has for many years been study- 

 ing the effect of various factors — altitude, temperature, &c. — upon the sugar content 

 of beets and from his published results I gather that his conclusions and ours are in 

 the main identical. It would seem that ideal climatic conditions for sugar production 

 include a moderate and well distributed rainfall during May, June, July, and August, 

 with fairly dry weather in September and October, when the beets are maturing; and, 

 further, that a low mean summer temperature, say, 60° F., with few sudden or great 

 changes in the latter part of the season are especially conducive to a high sugar con- 

 tent. In every instance where the percentage of sugar has fallen exceptionally low 

 we have been able to trace the cause to what might be termed abnormal weather con- 

 ditions; similarly, very high percentages have been found to follow good seasons — 

 that is, those that conform more or less closely with those just described as particular- 

 ly favourable for the sugar beet. 



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