182 EXPERIMENTAL FARMS 



7-8 EDWARD VII., A. 1908 

 Caustic Soda 1 per cent, Kerosene 5 per cent. 



rormula 



^Caustic Soda 4 lbs. 



Flour 4 " 



Kerosene 2 gals. 



Water 38 " 



It will be noticed tbat tliese three emulsions contain the same ingredients, but 

 di-ffer in strength, i.e., in proportion of caustic soda and kerosene. The preparation 

 is alike in all. The flour and the kerosene being mixed in the desired proportion, the 

 solution of the caustic soda (lye) is poured on and the whole churned for 5 minutes. 

 They are all remarkably stable, no free oil appearing after standing for 4 days, save 

 in the case of the last formula, which contains but 4 lbs. flour per 40 gallons. The sta- 

 bility or permanence of these emulsions is undoubtedly due to the action of the caustic 

 soda on the floor, making a viscous fluid which is eminently adapted for holding the 

 coal oil in suspension. 



SUMMER SPRAYS. 



Bordeaux and Kerosene. 



Formula 



Bluestone 4 lbs. 



Lime 4 " 



Kerosene 4 gals. 



Water 36 " 



This is the usual Eordeaux mixture plus 10 per cent kerosene. It is best made 

 as follows: To the freshly slaked lime add one-half the total volume of water and 

 pour in the requisite amount of coal oil, emulsify for 5 minutes, then pour in the 

 remainder of the water, in which the bluestone has been dissolved, and stir well for 

 1 minute. Though on standing a thick creamy layer forms, there is no separation of 

 oil for at least 24 hours and simple stirring is all that is necessary, within a few days 

 of making, to bring about a perfect mixture. 



Bordeaux, Flour and Kerosene. 



Formula 



Bluestone 4 lbs. 



Lime 4 " 



Flour 4 " 



Kerosene 4 gals. 



Water 36 " 



This, it will be observed, is the Bordeaux Kerosene Emulsion just described plus 

 flour. To the diluted slaked lime the kerosene containing the flour is added and the 

 vrliole emulsified, for 5 minutes; the solution of bluestone (approximately one-half 

 of the total volume) is then poured in and the whole well stirred. This is a particu- 

 larly stable em-ulslon, no free oil showing after two months. The thick layer that had 

 separated at the end of this period, and which contained the oil, readily mixed again, 

 forming a perfect emulsion. As a spray furnishing at once Bordeaux mixture and 

 coal oil — a combined fungicide and insecticide — one simply made and of excellent 

 keeping quality, this formula gives g:reat promise. Certainly from the standpoint of 

 preparation and the laboratory tests it leaves nothing to be desired. 



