REPORT OF TEE ENTOMOLOGIST AND BOTANIST 217 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 16 



brood of the Codling Motli, the insect can there be controlled almost entirely with 

 careful and regular spraying with the poisoned Bordeaux mixture. West of Toronto 

 there are two broods, the second of which is by far the more destructive and difficult 

 to cope with. It has been found that in this latter district it is necessarj' to supple- 

 ment the spring spraying by wrapping the trees with loose bands of burlap or some 

 other material which will serve as a refuge in which the caterpillars wall spin their 

 cocoons, these to be removed regularly and the caterpillars killed at short intervals 

 after the middle of July, when the caterpillars begin to spin up. Care must be taken 

 to scrape or brush the bark beneath these bands with a stiff brush or some other imple- 

 ment so as to remove all of the cocoons which are frequently sunk into the substance 

 of the bark by the caterpillars gnawing away the surface. The insects in the bands 

 may be killed by dropping the latter into boiling water or by crushing the cocoons. 

 The pc'isoned Bordeaux mixture made wnth A lbs. of fresh lime, 4 lbs. of bluestone and 

 4 ounces of Paris green (or instead of the 4 ozs. of Paris green, 3 lbs. of Arsenate of 

 lead) in 40 gallons of water, we have found to be a sure remedy against the Codling 

 Moth, if applied every year. Three applications are necessary, the first one applied a 

 week after the blossoms have fallen, and the others afterwards at intervals of fifteen 

 days. In orchards which have not been previously treated for a year or two, foui 

 sprayings should be given. 



The Codling Moth, which is such a destructive enemy of the apple in almost every 

 locality where that favou.rite fruit can be grown, has in the past for some remarkable 

 and unexplainable reason, never appeared in British Columbian orchards. There 

 can be no doubt about infested fruit having been taken into the province very fre- 

 quently; for I have heard of injured apples being found on the tables of the railway 

 dining cars, and in addition many carloads of apples from Eastern Canada and the 

 United States, where the insect is abundant, have of recent years been imported into 

 British Columbia. It is quite impossible that even the most careful inspection could 

 detect every infested apple; but yet the fact remained that, up to a year or two ago, 

 there was no record of the insect having been found in the Pacific province. During 

 the summer of 1906 specimens of the moth that had been reared from larvae taken in 

 the open en trees growing at Kamloops and at Kaslo, were sent to me for identifica- 

 ton. The first specimens came from Mr. J. W. Cockle, of Kaslo, and were from co- 

 coons which he had found in 1905 on the trunk of an apple tree growing in a garden 

 within the limits of the town of Kaslo. Some other cocoons were found at the same 

 time, and the work of the ii sect has also been further observed during the past sum- 

 mer. The Kamloops ocurrence is referred to by the finder in the following letter: — 



Kamloops, B.C., June 6, 1906. — ' For the past two or three years the apple crop 

 in the gardens of this city has been almost destroyed by a worm which in appearance 

 and general characteristics closely resembles the Codling Moth, yet I do not think it 

 is quite identical with that moth as it is found in Eastern Canada. I am forwarding 

 to your address two living specimens of the moth.' — E. Stuart Wood. 



The two specimens sent by Mr. Wood were, like those sent by Mr. Cockle, un- 

 doubted specimens of the Codling Moth and quite identical with the form so common 

 in tlic East. Fort\inately for the fruit growers of British Columbia, the energetic 

 Inspector of Fruit Pests, Mr. Thomas Cunningham, is carrying on a vigorous campnign 

 in persuading every one who grows fruit, of the great advantage of spraying their trees 

 persistently. By spraying, not only can the Codling Moth be controlled, but also many 

 other posts of the orchard. 



The Plum Curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar, Herbst. — Plums were a very phort 

 crop over the whole of Eastern Canada in 1906. In consequence of this, there were 

 more complaints of injury to apples, cherries, and peaches, by the Curculio than has 

 been the case for many years. The greatest injury was done to the apple crop, and 

 there were several instances of severe attack in the provinces of Quebec and Ontario. 

 One of the worst was at Eglinton, Out., near Toronto, on the grounds of ^Fr. John 



