145 EJPERIMEXTAL FARMS 



5 GEORGE v., A. 1915 



3. Because larger machinery could be used. Where fields are fewer they must be 

 larger, and large fields lend themselves better than small ones to the use of large 

 machinery which lowers cost of production. 



4. Because all cultural operations of one kind would be in one field, thus lowering 

 the cost by reducing the travelling necessary from one small field to another. 



5. Because every field would receive, at regular intervals, its fair proportion of 

 manure, ^o field would therefore be favoured to the disadvantage of the rest of 

 the farm, and the whole farm would always be kept up to its highest producing pos- 

 sibilities. 



The line of farming engaged in must, however, determine to a great extent the 

 kind and relative amounts of crops that shall be grown, and may, in some cases, pre- 

 vent following to the letter the rotation that woidd provide the largest returns. In 

 any case it may be said that a good rotation will include: (1) meadow or pasture. 

 (2) roots, corn, or other hoed crop, and (3) some cereal crop. The results of our 

 experiments go to show that for greatest profits these crops should follow each other 

 in the order named. 



The following rotations have been devised to meet different requirements. One 

 or the other of fhem is likely to be found suitable for conditions that obtain on the 

 average live stock farm in Eastern Ontario and Quebec. 



ROTATION ■' A " (five YEARS" DURATION). 



First year. — •Iloed crop. When corn is the hoed crop used, manure is applied in 

 spring at rate of 15 tons per acre and shallow ploughed shortly before planting time, 

 turning under clover and manure. After the hoed crop is harvested, land is shallow 

 ploughed or cultivated. 



Second year. — Grain. Seeded down with 8 pounds red clover, 2 pounds alsike and 

 10 ponnds timothy per acre. 



Third year. — Clover hay. Two crops expected. Top dressed in fall with manure 

 at rate of 15 tons per acre. 



Fourth year. — Timothy hay. Field ploughed in August, top worked and ribbed 

 up in October. 



Fifth year. — Grain. Seeded down with 10 pounds red clover, which is allowed to 

 grow to be turned under following spring when the hoed crop is corn. 



This rotation has proven an excellent one here. When carefully followed, and 

 wlien cultural operations were well performed, weeds have been kept under fair con- 

 trol, and crop yields have been maintained. One-fifth of the land is in hood crop, two- 

 fifths in grain, one-fifth in clover hay, and one-fifth in timothy hay or pasture. 

 It supplies a relatively larger proportion of grain to roots and hay than the ordin- 

 ary three or four-course rotation, and for that reason would be preferable where con- 

 siderable grain is called for. 



ROTATION "b" (five YEARS' DURATION), 



First year. — Hoed crop. When com is the hoed crop used, manure is applied in 

 (spring at rate of 15 tons per acre, and shallow ploughed shortly before planting time, 

 turning under both clover and manure. 



Second year. — Gi'ain. Seeded down with 10 pounds red clover, 2 pounds alsike 

 and 5 pounds timothy per acre. New seeding top dressed in fall with 15 tons barnyard 

 manure per acre. 



Thixrd year. — Hay. Two crops expected. Ploughed late fall. 



Fourth year. — Gr'ain. Seeded down with 10 pounds rod clover, 2 pounds alsike 

 and 5 pounds timothy per acre. 



Fifth year. — ^Clover hay. Two crops expected. 



Ottawa. 



