DIVl.'^WX OF AMUAL EUi<BAXDR¥ 357 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 16 



CERTIFIED MILK. ' 



Investigations alon^' the lines of pure niilk production and certified milk produc- 

 tion were started during the year 1912. Although considerable valuable data have 

 been collected, this, as yet, is insufficient to give conclusive and detailed results. Owing 

 1o the resignation of the bacteriologist, who, with the assistance of the Dominion 

 Botanist, Mr. H. T. Giissow, was conducting the bacterial studies of this milk, such 

 lines of work were discontinued for the latter half of the fiscal year. It is to be hoped, 

 however, that with another appointment this work will be continued immediately. 



Certified millv, namely, luilk which conforms to a certain standard as to health of 

 the herd, health of the stablemen, and the light, ventilation, sanitation, and cleanli- 

 ness of the stable, methods of handling milk, and above all the freedom of the milk 

 from bacteria of an injurious nature, shall, according to the Ontario standards, con- 

 tain not more than 5,000 bacteria per c.c. during the winter months, and 10,000 bacteria 

 per c.c. during the summer months. 



A number of private individuals in Canada have from time to time tried the pro- 

 duction of this milk, but at present only a few dairy concerns are working on the same. 



Many difficulties are met in the keeping down of the bacterial count of the milk 

 in the herd, the stable and in the dairy, as well as the eliminating of the growth of 

 bacteria during delivery. In the overcoming of these difficulties, much valuable 

 information is being gained as to the extra cost of production of the milk and the 

 most advantageous procedures, as well as their feasibility for the Canadian dairyman. 



Owing to the lack of a modern and convenient dairy building, with good refriger- 

 ation and sanitary conditions for the handling of certified milk, a great deal of diffi- 

 culty has been met in this work. In consequence of these conditions it has been found 

 advisable to not undertake the bottling of the milk until such time as better facilities 

 warrant. This milk sells to a large local dairy concern for $3 per hundred pounds, in 

 bulk, cooled to 45° F. 



BUTTER. 



Butter from the Central Experimental Farm usually commands a slightly higher 

 price than the current market figures. During the past fiscal year, for example, it 

 sold at an average of 33i cents per pound, with a range of 29 to 35 cents. The average 

 milk from the herd tests 4^ per cent butter-fat. In other words, milk sold as butter 

 would realize $1.74 per hundred pounds, not considering the yalue of the skim-milk. 

 Skim-milk is valued at 20 cents per hundred pounds when fed to calves and pigs. 

 When fed with discretion, this is the minimum valuation; it often reaching a value 

 of 75 cents or more per hundred pounds wlen fed to young calves and newly- weaned 

 pigs. 



DAIRY BARX PLANS. 



During the fiscal year ending March 31, 1914, a large number of completed 

 idans, with specifications, for dairy barns to suit local conditions and individual 

 needs of farmers have been distributed free. Although this entails a large amount 

 of work, yet the many inquiries as to the details of modern dairy barn plans are 

 increasing in luimbers from all parts of Canada and, considering tiie most undesir- 

 able state of the average Canadian barn, it is felt tliat such work demands immediate 

 attention; hence the farmers who anticipate the construction of new barns or tlie 

 remodelling of their old barns, have been encouraged to write for free information 

 to the Division of Animal Husbandry, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa. 



This Division has al-o supplied complete sets of plans and specifications for two 

 of the new Farms of the Experimental Farm system. These plans and specifications, 



Ottawa. 



