373 EXPERIMEXTAL FARM3 



5 GEORGE v., A. 1915 

 7. Light. 



As mxich light as the strength of walls would permit was installed in this barn. 

 The windows in walls and doors were made as large as possible. The cattle barn will 

 nccommodate thirty-four cows tied, two bulls in box stalls, and twenty calves and 

 heifers in the remaining boxes. The barn is lighted by 650 square feet of glass, or at 

 tlie rate of 12-87 square feet per liead. Direct sunlight reaches every part of the barn, 

 which renders it most sanitary, bright, and cheerful. 



8. Ventilation. 



A modified Rutherford system of ventilation is used in this barn. On the south 

 side the fresh air intakes are brought in at the floor level and carried up to the height 

 of 10 inches against wall. These intakes are constructed from sewer pipe elbows, being 

 6 inches' in diameter. On the north side and east end, ventilator ducts had to be made 

 under box stalls. 



Fresh air is admitted through the walls at or near floor level. Cement casing 

 guards are placed around all fresh-air intakes in order to cut down possibility of 

 damage and to exclude dirt. 



Ventilator boxes on the outside of walls extend 3 feet above the pipe opening in 

 wall. These ventilator boxes are resting on small cement bases to prevent decay, and 

 contain openings in the sides near top. The fresh air entering thus describes a deep 

 parabola, thus preventing strong direct air currents, yet supplying a uniform, adequate 

 flow of fresh air for the barn. The area of each opening in the intake box is equal to 

 the area of the intake pipe. Dampers are installed in these boxes to control the flow 

 of fi'csh air. 



The area of intake ducts per head is about 14 square inches. 



The foul-air outlets are three in number, each being 18 square inches in diameter, 

 inside measurement, and thoroughly insulated to prevent condensation of moisture. 

 These outlets are not placed in the centre of building but alternately in each side, 

 extending from ceiling of stable to roof, and following the line of upper rafters to bam 

 peak, thus straddling the hay track in loft, yet using the cupolas on ridge as outlets. 

 These foul-air outlets are constructed as follows : From the outside, one ply of matched 

 lumber, inch battens and air space; one ply of building paper and one ply of matched 

 lumber on the inside. This makes a perfect foul-air outlet. The area of outlet for 

 this stable is 30 square inches per cow. The damper at the lower end of foul-air out- 

 let, swivelling in the centre with control cords extending to the stable below, is used to 

 control tlie outgoing air. 



The windows of this barn throughout, excepting in box stalls, are of two sashes, 

 the upper one of which is hinged to the lower sash, opening inward from the top. 

 These may be tilted at any angle by mean^ of a cord operating a small pulley on a 

 worm spindle. Such a device costs in the vicinity of '50 cents each, is easy to operate, 

 and prevents the slamming of windows and the consequent destruction of glass. When 

 warm weather necessitates more fresh air than is admitted through the fresh air 

 intakes, the windows are opened as needed. From au ideal dairy barn viewpoint, if 

 screens were supplied for the windows and sashes in the dairy of this barn for the 

 siiinmer months, it would nllow the taking off of windows during the heat of summer 

 and yet proliibit the entrance of flies. 



Tbe ventilation of tlie root cellar is on tlie same principle as that of the barn. 

 However, the fresh air is conducted through the walls at a height of about 6 feet above 

 floor, but is carried down to floor level before being dispersed. On the floor is a slatted 

 .syslcin of ventilator boxes, which allows the air not onl,y to go from opening to open- 

 ing, but at the same time to work its way gradually upward through the roots. If 



Ste. Anne. 



