202 BOAED OF AGRICULTUKE. 



he is very much mistaken. I got a lot of young trees, and I had just 

 got the land ready and was going to plant them when I had to leave 

 home, and I had to leave the whole thing to my. man; so I said t6 him, 

 "You plant this kind here in this block, and that in -that block, and another 

 in that block." I had mulberry, box elder, white ash, catalpas, beeches, 

 black ash, white maple, Norway maple, basswood and birches. The result 

 was this: I lost all of my beeches. I didn't know the beech ought to be 

 covered up I ought to have observed that beeches always grow best 

 where shaded, or where it is dark. So the little block I had planted in 

 beeches originally hasn't any beeches on it. I afterward, when the 

 beeches failed, took that block and planted on it some of most everything 

 I had. That acre today is the most satisfactory one I have. If I were 

 going to plant again I would give some thought to the method with regard 

 to what trees need protection, and mix the varieties. 



Mr. Witmer: That is something like a case we have in our own county, 

 where a man had forty acres or more planted in a grove of walnut trees. 

 The trees were doing nicely until two years ago, one hard sviuter; in 

 places in that gi'Ove they lost all their walnut trees. Up to this time they 

 had kept that orchard in a good state of cultivation and the trees were 

 growing rapidly. I believe it would have been better had they set out 

 a variety of trees, and then had the walnut died they would yet have 

 some other trees— trees that could resist the cold much better than the 

 walnut. Not having done that, there are empty spaces which very much 

 mar the appearance of the orchard. 



Mr. McMillan: There is one thing I desire to mention, that has been 

 worrying me for a good many years, and that is the way our tiuiber has 

 been used up in lumber, destroyed and wasted, and the way it is at present 

 being cut and sawed up. Forty or fifty years ago we had a good many 

 mills down in our section, cutting nothing but poplar and black walnut; 

 after they got that cut, the mills disappeared, and we thought the timber 

 would be left. In a few years they came back and cut the white oak, 

 and that is now all gone. Now we have, I think, four mills cutting up 

 everything in the shape of poles or anything else three inches and over, 

 it doesn't make much difference what kind of timber it is. In view of 

 this, we will soon have all of our timber utterly destroyed. I hope Mr. 

 Garfield will consult some of these farmers right here who are cutting 

 their timber; I suspect some of them are cutting and hauling to the mills 

 right now, getting what little money they can for it. I hope he will hit 

 them and hit them hard, if he has not already done so. 



Member: Timber growing depends largely upon the kind of soil upon 

 which the timber is planted. I have had some experience in regard to 

 the growth of timber, and certain kinds of timber will do well, where 

 certain other kinds will not. For instance, the walnut, poplar, sugar and 



