Indiana horticultural society. 309 



i want to say sbmethiug else, and I am perfectly willing to stand by 

 it. I don't know how it is in Indiana, but in Ohio a man can not run a 

 stationary engine without a license, and in ten years, I think, no man 

 will be allowed to spray an orchard until he has had a thorough training 

 and has a license or certificate. When you get to that, you will have 

 spraying, and you will not have it until you do. 



We have had to deal with all sorts of people. I have seen a man who 

 intended to do good work, thoroughly sincere and energetic, and who had 

 everything mortal man could have to do good work, to do a good . ob of 

 spraying, but he succeeded in doing a very poor one, because he did not 

 know how to do a good one. 



I will give you one illustration of that. We have men who are start- 

 ing out to spraying under about this condition of affairs: One or two men 

 will buy a sprayer, an expensive spraying machine, one that has a capacity 

 for doing a great deal of work, a steamer or some machine that is capable 

 of doing a large amount of work, and then begin taking contracts for 

 spraying orchards, not alone for insects, but for fungous diseases as well. 

 Two brothers who, I suppose, were sixty or sixty-five years of age, men 

 who were thoroughly honest and sincere, started out in this way, and I 

 want to tell you how they sprayed the first orchard. I tell you they did 

 a good job of it. They did not have an extension rod, but one man got 

 up on a wagon and held the hose just below the nozzle, and they simply 

 sprayed through them and let it come down on the trees, and they won- 

 dered why they did not get any results from it. They thought they were 

 doing all right. So I want to impress that on you, that spraying, as it is 

 done, four-fifths of it is wasted material. ♦-Yes. take the average fruit 

 grower, not only m Indiana, but in Ohio and other States— there is not 

 much difference in the way they do it. I know that to be true; we have 

 found it out, and it has been illustrated again and again. 



Now, as to the way we do this; it is just like this: I have had to 

 deal with the same problem you have. I can carry, say-, six men, by the 

 month, through the entire year, but I can not carry twenty-five. In other 

 words, I can not afford to hire twenty-five men l)y tlie month and drill 

 them for the sake of keeping them through the winter months in order to 

 spray. Therefore, I have to train up about one man to the machine, five 

 of them, and for the rest we have to depend precisely upon the same kind 

 of labor which you have to depend upon. We have to go to Cincinnati, 

 or Cleveland, or elsewhere, and pick up our men. and pay them by the 

 day, and the best I can do is to put a trained man in charge of each gang. 

 That means, with an ordinary spraying machine, three men, one at each 

 nozzle, and one at the pump, and I have to put a trained man over them 

 with nothing in the wide world to do but to watch and see that they do the 

 work right. It pays. Another thing that looks pretty hard. I got a pretty 

 severe letter from a mother once, because, she said. I would not let her 

 son talk. I let him talk all he wanted to, but not when he was spraying 



