3l2 



BOAED OF AGRICULTURE. 



men, you will be able to get it done right. So this outfit, or something 

 like it, as 1 say, is probably what will be used in the future. I have no very 

 lai-ge photograph of it with me. We also use the Eclipse, mounted on a 

 large tank with a platform, that can be either raised or lowered. We have 

 a platform attached to the front of the tank, and he can work very low 

 down in that way. (Professor Webster is here using a photograph to illus- 

 trate.) Or wlien he wants to spray a high tree he runs the extension rod 

 up and he can spray over a pretty high tree. This is the cheaper method. 

 There is no expense for fuel, and it requires but three men, and the 

 fourth one to see that it is done right. 



Now, if you are going to buy a spraying tank, do not get a square 

 one. Get a round one with a rounding bottom. If you are using Bordeaux 

 mixture, or anything that needs agitation, cutting out these corners will 

 have more effect in keeping your mixture well stirred. A gi-eat deal de- 

 pends upon its being agitated when you are using arsenical poisons. We 

 do not use anything else. With soap mixtures it is not necessary to have 

 it agitated particularly, but we like them better, anyway. Our tanks are 

 all like this (indicating), holding three liuiidred gallons of material, which 

 lasts about half a day, and we do a great deal of work with them. 



The difference between this and some sprayers is this: In your 

 orchard, if the trees are uniform, so that the man on each side— remember, 

 you have four lines of hose, two on each side — and the men can make equal 

 progress, it is all right; ))ut if the trees are not equal and some places 

 a tree is gone entirely, one side, then, has to wait on the other. In 

 other words, the progress is no more than what each side could do. For 

 instance, a tree is out, then the man on the opposite side would have to 

 wait until those on the other side had sprayed the tree that would cor- 

 respond with his. In this case there is no such trouble. This is one of the 

 things that is avoided by this tank and sprayers. I think I explained 

 about oiu- method of spraying the larger trees, so I will omit that part 

 and tell you what we have been able to do. There has been, as you 

 know, a great deal of discussion as to the results of the use of different 

 kinds of mixtures, particularly that of whale oil soap. We were pretty 

 badly discouraged, I know there was a little question as to whether we 

 could do very good work with it or not. Now I have had a good oppor- 

 tunity to learn the effect of spraying with whale oil soap, where I had the 

 men for about three months— the same men continuously, day after day- 

 using the same mixture, soap of the same brand from the same manufac- 

 turers. Where the orchards were pruned but very little, if any at all, and 

 the wind was against us at the time, we found that we only succeeded in 

 killing about ninety-five per cent, of the scale; but where we had calm 

 weather we have killed ninety-eight per cent., and we have orchards where 

 we have not been able to find a living scale. I do not want you to under- 

 stand that you can exterminate the scale in the orchard by one applica- 

 tion; I only say that this was done last winter. About a month ago I 



