INDIANA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 389 



berries and six to six and one-half feet for raspberries, gooseberries and 

 currants, and good, deep furrows made as needed witli single shovel or any 

 good furrowing implement. Plants should be set two to three feet in the 

 row, with soil well worked about the roots and firmly pressed. 



Cultivation should begin as soon as planting is done to break up foot 

 marks and leave surface in a fine pulverized condition. Some root or veget- 

 able crop can be grown between the plants the first and second year and 

 thus prove a source of income while plants are coming into bearing. Cul- 

 tivation should be thorough and frequent, and after the first year it should 

 be shallow near the plants. For retaining moisture a good earth mulch is 

 the cheapest and best. Prune blackberry and raspberry by pinching out 

 leading bud when canes are from sixteen to twenty-four inches high, and 

 in the spring cut back laterals to twelve or fourteen inches of main 

 stalk. Gooseberry and currant should be pruned by cutting away old wood 

 as fast as bushes become too thick. In selecting varieties, it is a safe 

 plan to inquire as to what has succeeded in your locality. Also look up 

 reports from the experiment station and State Horticultural Society. See 

 what varieties have been tested. Many people have failed In growing 

 bush fruits because they planted mostly of some new, untried sorts. Bet- 

 ter to plant sparingly of new varieties until you have become acquainted 

 with their merits. Nurserymen and tree agents have not always been 

 fair in recommending the kinds that succeed. It is their business to sell 

 the high-priced plants if they can; it is your business to know whether it 

 Avill pay you to buy them. For a succession of fruits for both home use 

 and for market we would recommend the following: 



Blackberry— Early Harvest, Snyder and Taylor's Prolific. 



Black Raspberry— Palmer and Gregg and Kansas. 



Red Raspberry— Hansel, Cuthbert and London. 



Yellow Raspberry— Golden Queen. 



Gooseberry— Downing, Houghton, Pearl and Champion. 



Currant— Fays, Pomona and White Grape. 



In conclusion, let me say if you are an old man, plant fruits in abund- 

 ance. If you are a young man plant them in greater abundance, and the 

 generations that come after you will rise up and call you blessed. 



President Stevens: The subject will be further continued by Mr. E. 

 B. Davis, of Cartersburg. 



