State DAiiRY association. 491 



number of rabbits with diseased brain matter, and, when they were thor- 

 oughly mad, he took out their spinal cords and subjected them to the in- 

 fluence of light and air, and from day to day inoculated other rabbits with 

 these. The disease, as before, lost in virulence, and at last the rabbits 

 recovered and were found to be immune. His process was further tested 

 by permitting a number of dogs to be bitten by a mad dog, of which 

 number half had been ti-eated by Pasteur and half had not. Every dog 

 not treated went mad and not one that had been treated tooli the dis- 

 ease. He now began treating people who had been bitten by mad dogs. 

 The first year he treated 2,682 cases, 98.06 per cent, of whom recovered. 

 The second year 1,770 cases, 99.37 per cent, of whom recovered. The 

 third year 1,622 cases, 99.45 per cent, of whom recovered. 



He went to his grave in 1895, with all the honors his country could 

 confer. 



SURGERY. 



When Pasteur had finished his demonstration that fermentation is 

 caused by bacteria. Lister concluded that the same might also be true of 

 decay; that wounds ought not to suppurate; that there is no laudable pus. 

 He had doubtless learned, as every boy does from his mother, the value 

 of healing by the "first intention." She squeezes the cut, the outward 

 flow of blood carries the bacteria away; she then binds the edges together, 

 without washing, with court plaster, and the wound heals without forma- 

 tion of pus in a few days. This is her way of keeping the bacteria out. 

 Lister introduced antiseptic treatment and bandages for all wounds; and 

 the results were so beneficient, so astonishing, so undeniable that the 

 news went at once everywhere. The late Dr. Weist, a few years ago, re- 

 moved a pint of stones from the bladder of a man seventy-five years old, 

 who, eight days afterward, came on horseback to see the doctor. He re- 

 moved a tumor that weighed more than the little woman from whom it 

 was taken, and she recovered; he always called it cutting her loose from 

 the tumor. 



VIVISECTION. 



We might as well quit scolding about vivisection, unless it amuses us 

 more than any other form of diversion. The stakes are so big that no 

 attention whatever will be paid to our talk. We wanted to know whether 

 the body cavity could be safely opened and operated upon or not. We had 

 to practice on men or animals. Which would have been best? We did 

 open the pleuroperitoneal cavity of dogs and perform various experiments, 

 as, for instance, cutting out a piece of the intestine. We brought the 

 two cut ends together and fastened them antiseptically. In a few days 

 the dogs were well, and so glad they had recovered that they freely for- 

 gave all who had taken part in the operation; and for a reward we have 

 the lives of our neighbors. Five hundred susceptible animals had to die 

 the painful death of consumption before Koch could tell us the cause of 



