inches deep into the earth. We will wash it very carefully and 

 lay it upon a piece of paper. Then we will lay a ruler along- 

 side of it, and make an ink mark one-quarter of an inch from 

 the tip, and two or three other marks at equal distances above 

 (Fig. 12).* We will now carefully replant the seed. Two days 

 later we will dig it up, when we shall most likely find a condi- 

 tion something like that in Fig. 13. It will be seen that the 

 marks E, C, B, are practically the same distance apart as before 

 and they are also the same distance from the peg AA. The 

 point of the root is no longer at DD, however, but has grown on 

 to F. The root, therefore, has grown almost wholly in the end 

 portion. 



Now let us make a similar experiment with the stem or stalk. 

 We will mark a young stem, as at A in Fig. 14 ; but the next 

 day we shall find that these marks are farther apart than when 

 we made them (B, Fig. 14). The marks have all raised them- 

 selves above the ground as the plant has grown. The stem, 

 therefore, has grown between the joints rather than from the 

 tip. The stem usually grows most rapidly, at any given time, 

 at the upper or younger portion of the joint (or internode) ; 

 and the joint soon reaches the limit of its growth and becomes 

 stationary, and a new one grows out above it. 



Natural science consists in two things, — seeing what you look at, and 

 drawing proper conchisions from what you see. 



'* Note. — Common ink will not answer for this purpose because it " runs " 

 when the root is wet, but indelible ink, used for marking linen or for drawing, 

 should be used. It should also be said that the root of the common pumpkin, and 

 of the summer bush squashes, is too fibrous and branchy for this test. It should 

 be stated, also, that the root does not grow at its very tip, but chiefly in a narrow 

 zone just back of the tip ; but the determination of this point is rather too difficult 

 for the beginner, and, moreover, it is foreign to the purpose of this tract. 



