34 Bulletin 172. 



ill figure 12 — takes place. AVlieii the time for emero-eiice comes, 

 the little Ay bursts open one end of the puparium (figure 15), crawls 

 out, works its way up tlirough the inch or less of soil, and then flits 

 away to find its mate and the food-plant for its progeny. As to 

 when these cherry fruit-flies emerge in the spring we have no evi- 

 dence. The yellow currant fruit-fly {Epoclira canadensis) sometimes 

 emerges in May, but the nearer relatives of tlie cherry fruit-fly, tlie 

 dark fruit-fly {Rhagolet/is rihicola) and the apple maggot fly [Rhayo- 

 leiis ])omonella) may emerge about tlie middle of June in the lati- 

 tude of ]Sew York. Hence, we would infer from this that the 

 cherry fruit-fly may be expected to emerge about June 15th, in New 

 York. The date of appearance of the flies on the trees will doubt- 

 less vary somewhat with tlie latitude and the season. TJie flies will 

 doubtless continue to emerge over a considerable period, perhaps a 

 month or more ; tlie flies which we suspect are the adults of this 

 pest were found on the fruit as late as August 4th. 



Egg-laying. — We have not seen the fly lay an Q^'g., hut think we 

 have found its eggs in the cherries. We found many minute punc- 

 tures through the skin of the fruits, and obliquely just beneath the 

 skin in the flesh we could discern the remains of a hatched eo:^. In 

 a few cases we found an unhatched egg, but always crushed it before 

 we could disengage it from the flesh of the fruit. Hence, we ai-e 

 unable to describe or picture the egg. We feel quite sure, however, 

 that the mother fly punctures the skin of the fruit with her oviposi- 

 tor and then inserts obliquely an elongate, wiiitish egg in the flesh 

 just beneath tlie skin. Mr. Lowe has recorded the following obser- 

 vations regarding the egg: "Egg-laying undoubtedly begins as soon 

 as the first fruit ripens, as young maggots were found in some of the 

 earliest fruits. It continues as late as the middle of August, and 

 probably later. We have found young maggots as late as August 

 16tli. On the same day an unhatched Q^'g was found. Tlie eggs 

 are placed nearly or quite under the skin. One ii^^ M^as found on 

 the outside. A single egg measured 5 mm. (.02 inch), somewhat 

 broader toward one end, and about one fourth as wide as long, at 

 the widest point. Beginning at the broad end and extending about 

 one-fourth the length of the *d'^<^., the shell is roughened and some- 

 what darker ; color, a dirty yellow." The flesh of the fruit seems 



