The Peach-Tree Borer. 245 



BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE MORE IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTIONS 

 TO THE LITERATURE OF THE PEACH-TREE BORER. 



1749. Kalm, P. Travels in North America, Trans, by Forster, II., 244. Appar- 

 ently the first reference to the in-sect. See note below frontispiece. 



1771. Cooper, J. Submitted a paper to Am. Phil. Soc. "On the Nature of the 

 Worms so Prejudical to the Peach-trees for Some Years Past, and a 

 ]VIethod of Preventing the Damage in Future." The Society ordered 

 the paper to be printed in the Pennsylvania Gazette and Journal. This 

 paper has not been accessible to us. 



1801. Ellis, J. Papers on Agr., Mass. Agr. Soc, p. 25, 26; same account in 



Mass. Agr. Soc. Papers for 1803, and in Trans. Am. Phil Soc, V., 

 325. Brief and fairly correct account submitted as Prize Essaj- ($30 

 prize) some time before 1800 to Am. Phil. Society. Recommends bind- 

 ing on straw whtu trees are in bloom, removing it in the fall. 



1802. Barton, B. S. Philosophical Mag., XXII., 208 (pub. in 1805). Foot note 



as follows : " The insects most pernicious to this tree are two lepidop- 

 terious insects, of the genus zygmna of Fabricius. These while in the 

 larva state destroy the bark of the root." Partly quoted by Kirby and 

 Spence in their Introduction to Entomology, I., 198 (1815). 



1803. !Mease, J. Domestic Encyclopedia, IV., 243-44. Brief account. Recom- 



mends mounding, soap-suds, and quotes Ellis. 



1804. Barton B. S. Essay on " A Number of the Pernicious Insects of the United 



States," submitted to the Am. Phil. Soc. It was partly read on Nov. 16, 

 1804, and received the Magellanic Premium on Dec. 21, 1804. The 

 essay was returned for alterations in 1805, and we are unable to find 

 that it was ever published. It is recorded (Harris in 1826) that the 

 insect was described and given its first scientific name of Zygaena persicw 

 in this apparently unpublished essay. 



1805. Barton, B. S. Phil. Med. and Physical Journal, I., pt. II., p. 29. Brief 



notice as being destructive to roots of peach. No description of moth. 

 1808. Cooper, J. Mem. Phila. Soc. Prom. Agr., I., 11-14. (Paper read Jan. 

 14, 1806.) Brief but very good account of the life-history and methods 

 of controlling the insect. The "freezing-out" process unsuccessful. 

 A combination of the "digging-out" and "mounding" methods was 

 very successful. 

 Peters, R. Mem. Phila. Soc. Prom. Agr., I., 15-19. (Paper read Feb. 11, 

 1806.) Records failure to prevent the work of the borers by the use of 

 25 or more different ' ' washes " and other methods. Recommends expos- 

 ing roots in winter and using boiling hot soap suds or water in August 

 or September. 

 Matlack, T. Mem. Phila. Soc. Prom. Agr., I., 373-79. Supposed there 

 were two broods of the borers. Detailed accoimt of successful use of 

 sand (not loam) in earthen cyhnder or in a pile around base of tree. 



