100 



EXPERIMENTAL FARMS. 



Calumet. — Eeceived from Mr. W. H. Murphy, of Ottawa, who described the 

 tree as growing on his form on Calumet Island supposed to be of seedling origin, 

 apparently about thirty years of age. 



Fig. 4.— CALUMET. 



Fruit medium to large, round, or approaching oblong, very regular. Skin 

 green, when fully ripe, yellow, partly covered with streaks and splashes of light 

 red. Stem short; cavity almost wanting : calyx open; basin small and shallow; 

 flesh firm, white, very juicy, sub-acid, good. See Fig. 4. 



Mr. Murphy says it keeps through the winter with ordinary care. Specimens 

 kept in my office were in good eating condition on the first of last June. The skin 

 of this variety is not of the kind that is usually affected by the "spot" disease 

 Fusicladium. 



SPRAYING EXPERIMENTS. 



An extended series of spraying experiments were undertaken and carefully 

 carried out by Mr. Joseph Tweddle, of Stoney Creek, Ont., under my direction. Mr. 

 Tweddle has furnished a report of much interest, on the work of the season, which I 

 wish to acknowledge very gratefully. The season in the Niagara district was an 

 abnormal one in many respects however, and no doubt had an important effect upon 

 the results of the experiments which in many instances were quite contrary to previous 

 experience. Mr. Tweddle reports little protection against codling moth and "apple 

 spot " from the use of Bordeaux mixture or ammoniacal copper carbonate, but 

 says that some few specimens of apples could be found, showing where the disease 

 had attacked the fruit, and apj)arently had been destroyed by the fungicide, leaving a 

 russetted spot on the affected portion, the remainder of the apple being healthy. 

 Mr. Tweddle is also of the opinion that the " codling moth " developed most and 

 caused most destruction after the spraying season closed, although quite a percent- 

 age of the fruit was attacked before spraying was finished. One of the most impor- 

 tant features in connection with the work is the relative efficacy of Paris green in 

 combination with Bordeaux mixture, and when applied alone. Mr. Tweddle writing 

 of this says : " It is apparent to me that the poisonous action of Paris green was 

 lessened when used in combination with the Bordeaux mixture, and the effect was 

 plainly visible in the apple and plum orchard, particularly in the plums. Where 

 Paris green was used by itself on these, they were much more free from curculio 

 than when it was applied with Bordeaux mixture." This raises an interesting ques- 



