REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGIST AND BOTANIST. 167 



"To treat pastures and meadows for grasshoppers and leaf-hoppers, it would 

 seem from present experience the best plan to run over all grass lands early in 

 May with the simple dozer described for leaf-hoppers (a piece of sheet iron 8J 

 feet long and 2 feet wide, was coated on the upper side with coal tar, and lying flat 

 on the sod was dragged along by means of three cords, one fastened at each end and 

 one in the middle). Pastures should be treated a second time about the middle of 

 June. For meadows, the second treatment may follow hay cutting, if insects are 

 abundant, and then if grasshoppers appear in July in numbers, resort to the deep 

 hopper-dozer described above." {Bull. 14, Iowa Ag. Exp. Station, p. 176.) 



Summarizing the results of his experiments with leaf-hoppers, the same writer 

 says: — "Experiments with hopper-dozers for grass leaf-hoppers show that this method 

 can be used very successfully in capturing the insects, that the simplest form, a flat 

 sheet of sheet iron was most satisfactory, that one application resulted in adding 34 

 per cent to the crop of hay on a plot experimented on, and in one experiment leaf- 

 hoppers were captured at the rate of 376,000 per acre." 



These results are most striking, and one cannot but feel convinced that it would 

 pay well to adopt systematically such a simple and cheap method of freeing pastures 

 of the myriad insects which reduce the yield every year. 



The use of hopper-dozers in the Western States for the destruction of locusts is 

 recognized as one of the standard methods of fighting these injurious insects, and 

 has been attended with marked success. The other method which is relied on is 

 ploughing the land where the eggs have been deposited, so as either to bury them 

 deeply, so that the young cannot emerge in spring, or so as to expose them under 

 unnatural conditions, to the frosts of winter or their numerous predaceous enemies. 

 In the thickly settled portions of Canada whereas a rule stubble fields are regularly 

 ploughed up before winter, we as a consequence do not suffer from locust plagues 

 so frequently as is the case in the west. 



The use of insecticides such as Paris green for locust attacks is seldom a practi" 

 cal remedy except on limited areas. In response to some who have applied for the 

 receipt of the bran and arsenic remedy, I extract the following from Prof. Clarence 

 Weed's useful little work, " Insects and Insecticides: " — "A mixture which has been 

 successfully employed, consists of arsenic, sugar, bran, and water, the proportions 

 being one part, by weight, of arsenic, one of sugar and five of bran, to which is ad- 

 ded a certain quantity of water. The arsenic and bran are first mixed together, then 

 the sugar is dissolved in water and added to the bran and arsenic; after which a 

 sufficient quantity of water is added to thoroughly wet the mixture. About a tea- 

 spoonful of this mixture is thrown on the ground at the base of each tree or vine (in 

 gardens and orchards) and left to do its work." 



I found by experiment that the poison works slowly but is very effectual. 



