38'6 Report of the Department of Entomology of the 



Y. malinellus Zell., as the name implies, thrives on the apple, 

 which constitutes its favorite host. Marchal ^ records its occurrence 

 in destructive numbers on the almond (Amygdalus communis L.). 

 Dahlbom, according to Kaltenbach,^ included the wild service tree 

 (Sorhiis torminalis Crtz.). It has not generally ])een considered as 

 a British species, but on the other hand Theol^ald ^ asserts that it 

 exists in that country on apples and has been confused with padellus. 

 Kuwana ^ states that while ')nalineUus occurs most commonly on 

 apples in Japan, it nevertheless may feed on the sand pear (Pjjrus 

 sinensis Lindl.), the Chinese flowering apple (P. spectabilis Ait.), 

 the quince [Cydonia vulgaris Pers.), the peach {Amygdalus persica 

 Sieb. and Zucc), the Japanese flowering cherry (Prunus pseudo- 

 cerasus Lindl.), and the apricot {Prunus armeniaca L.). 



Besides these two moths there are several other species of relatively 

 minor importance which are recorded as attacking fruit trees; and 

 these are respectively as follows: 



Y. mahalehellus Gn., which is recorded by Marchal ^ as common 

 on the Mahaleb cherry. 



Y. cognatellus Hb. is very similar in appearance to the foregoing 

 species, and according to Wahl '•" and Kirchner ^ is a common pest 

 on cultivated plums. Mokshetsky ^ records it also upon the 

 Mahaleb cherry and apple. 



F. irrorellus Hb. occurs, according to Hess,^ principally on the 

 spindle tree {Evonymus europceus L.) and sometimes feeds on plum. 



Y. rorellus Hb., which is said to be similar to padellus, commonly 

 thrives on the willow. Rossler,® however, reported its occurrence 

 on cultivated plums. 



Y. evonymellus L., which is quite readily distinguished from other 

 species by its size and larger number of black spots on wings, breeds 

 chiefly on the European bird cherry {Prunus padus L.). Lunardoni ^^ 

 reports it upon cultivated cherries, and Theobald ^ on both cherries 

 and apples. 



COMMON NAMES. 



As they are quite common insects and are widely distributed 

 throughout Europe, these moths have been designated by many 

 local and popular names: Delacour ^^ called padellus " La teigne 

 hermine ", the " Ermine moth ", which was suggested by the anterior 



1 Bui. Soc. d'Etud. el Vulg. Zool. Agric, p. 17. 1902. 



2 From Kaltenbach's Die Pflanzeafeinde, p. 194. 1874. 

 ^Insect Pestsof Fruit, p. 91. 1909. 



4 Letter of Mar. 31, 1911. 



^ Die Bekampfung der Gespinstmotten, p. 4. 1907. 



^ Die Obstbaumgespinstmotten, p. 3. 1905. 



7 The Apple Moth, p. 15. 1907. 



8 Die Feinde des Obstbaues, p. 259. 1S92. 



^Quoted from Kaltenbach's Die Pflanzenfeinde, p. 169. 



" Mentioned by Marchal in Bui. Soc. d'Etud. et Vulg. Zool. Agric. 1902, p. 23 (foot- 

 note) . 

 ^^ Essai sur les Insectes, p. 293. 1850. 



