New York Agricultural Experiment Station. 33 



of the effect of treating milk with carbon dioxide gas under pres- 

 sure. Pasteurized milk charged at a high pressure with carbon 

 dioxide was kept for five mouths with little increase of acidity. 

 Fresh milk similarly treated kept nearly as long in some instances. 

 In view of the fact that carbonated milk is a pleasant beverage 

 and constitutes a healthful drink, this method of keeping it for a 

 long time in a fresh condition makes it possible for this drink 

 to be commonly served during the heated season without loss to 

 the manufacturer. 



Other chemical studies essential to the methods of investigating 

 milk and its products have been carried on, such as a volumetric 

 method for determining casein, useful in cheese factories, and a 

 study of the constitution of casein. 



A fundamental question in relation to the composition of milk 

 and the various transformations through which milk goes in the 

 manufacture and ripening of cheese is the relation of calcium to 

 casein. This investigation has been carried on for several years. 

 Some new compounds of calcium with casein and paracasein have 

 been found which have important relations to the changes taking 

 place when milk is made into cheese. Not only have calcium 

 compounds been formed and studied but also combinations of 

 casein with sodium, potassium, ammonium, borium and strontium. 

 From the results of the investigations thus far carried on, as sum- 

 marized in Technical Bulletin No. 26, there appear to be not less 

 than four different compounds of calcium and casein. 



CROP PRODUCTIOlSr. 



It is undoubtedly true that farmers are more or less given to 

 looking for new crops that have unusual properties rather than 

 to attempting improvements in the culture of crops already estab- 

 lished. In a majority of instances, the new crops introduced in 

 later years have not proved to have any advantages over those 

 long under cultivation. This is not true of alfalfa, however. The 

 establishment of this plant on the farms of this State marks a 

 notable step in advance in the production of cattle feed. Not 

 2 



