70 Report of Department of Animal Industry of the 



size cup to another would increase the total time consumed by 

 the milking process. 



In view of the unsatisfactory results which follow the failure 

 to remove the milking machine when secretion has stopped, es- 

 pecially where the fit of the teat cup is not good, it seems possible 

 that their somewhat unfavorable results with the milking machine 

 may be closely connected with the fact that the milking machine 

 was evidently left on the cows for unusually long periods. 



cost of maintenance. 



Owing to the numerous changes in the milker on account of 

 improvements which have been introduced there has been no op- 

 portunity to determine the expense of maintenance due to the 

 wearing out of various mechanical parts of the machine. 



IMPORTANCE OI^ TEAT CUPS. 



In successful machine milking of cows the teat cup is of prime 

 importance. Apparently the function of the teat cup is to sup- 

 port the exterior of the teat, allowing the vaccum to periodically 

 release the sphincter muscle at its extremity and allow the milk to 

 escape. Whenever the cup does not support the surface of the 

 teat the return of blood through the veins is retarded, the extrem- 

 ity of the teat soon becomes enlarged and blue, the milk channel 

 is closed and the milk cannot escape. 



The teat cups furnished with the " Globe " machine were 

 simply straight, stiff, rubber tubes with a soft collapsible upper 

 edge and an outlet at the bottom to carry off the milk. These 

 cups did not coincide with the outline of the teat and they were 

 a failure. All teat cups furnished us with the Burrell-Lawrence- 

 Kennedy machine have been conical. 



With the earliest teat cups furnished with the present machine, 

 eight different sizes were necessary in milking the Station herd. 

 The form has undergone modification so that the same herd is 

 now more efficiently milked with a single size of teat cup. 



