New York Agricultural Experiment Station. 477 



flesh of the Mclntosli behaved as a recessive to the yellowish 

 white color of the Ben Davis. In the inheritance of shape and 

 size, Mcintosh and Ben Davis were equally prepotent, for, as 

 many progeny resembled one parent as the other and all were 

 intermediate in size. The appearance of two sweets to nine sub- 

 acid fruits supports the statement that the former character is 

 borne as a recessive in the Mcintosh. 



Mother. — "When crossed with Ben Davis, three heterozygous 

 and seventeen pure reds were produced. If these three indi- 

 viduals are undeveloped reds then Mother does not carry yellow. 

 If, however, Mother carries yellow, its red must be complex in 

 structure. A few more seedlings resembled the Mother in shape 

 than the Ben Davis, but not enough more to warrant the drawing 

 of conclusions. Size was inherited in an intermediate condition 

 and sweetness as a recessive though in the proportion of 2 :3, 

 instead of a simple 1 :3. 



Northern Spy. — This variety crossed with Sutton gave three 

 reds and two yellows tinged with red ; crossed with Kails gave 

 seven pure reds and two heterozygous reds ; in the cross with 

 Rome one heterozygous red was the result. The presence of 

 nearly yellow individuals in the first cross signifies either that 

 yellow is carried as a recessive or a simplex red is present in the 

 Northern Spy. Shape in this variety was more prepotent than 

 in Sutton but much less so than in Ralls which impressed its 

 shape on five of the nine seedlings — three being intermediates. 

 The Xorthern Spy crosses, as a rule, gave large fruits but in 

 the Ralls cross small fruits appeared — the presence of which 

 indicates that both varieties carry small size in their gametes. 

 (See Ralls.) Xo sweet apples appeared in the jSTorthern Spy 

 crosses which fact indicates that sweetness is not a recessive in 

 this variety. However, if Ralls, Rome and Sutton, with which 

 it was crossed, do not carry sweetness, this character would not 

 appear since it would have been dominated by the acid-producing 

 factor. 



Ralls. — If Xorthern Spy carries yellow, then this variety 

 either does not or its red is complex in composition. This 

 opinion is based on the appearance of seven pure reds and only 

 two heterozvfijous reds. If both varieties carry yellow, the pro- 



