XeW YoEK AoUICl'LTCKAL ExPERlMEA'T StATION. 491 



it is well within the bounds of possibility that main-crop grapes 

 can be profitably grafted. 



It is recommended that grape-growers try small vineyards of 

 grafted grapes, using as stocks the three tried in this experiment. 



For procedure in growing a grafted vineyard the experiences 

 given in this Bulletin should be taken in account, supplemented 

 by a study of methods in California where grafted vineyards are 

 commonly grown. Some of the practices in California are dis- 

 cussed on pages 517-519 but a more extended study of them 

 should be made before engaging largely in grov/ing grafted 

 grapes. 



This Station is repeating this experiment; it is hoped under 

 more favorable circumstances. 



Ks^TEODUCTIOK 



The several species from which come cultivated grapes show 

 wide variations in adaptability to natural and cultural conditions. 

 Thus, cultivated Labruscas prefer loose, warm, sandy or gravelly 

 soils ; in the vineyard, Riparia varieties like a somewhat richer 

 and heavier soil; the offspring of Vitis cestiv,alis thrive on lighter 

 and shallower soils than even the Labruscas ; Vitis rupestris, under 

 cultivation, is better adapted than any other species to hard, dry 

 soils. The species named respond quite differently to heat, cold, 

 shade or sunshine and to moisture ; they have varying capacities to 

 withstand insects and fungi ; and the productivity, the longevity 

 and the size of the vine depend largely upon the species. The 

 manifold types of grapes, too, behave quite differently under such 

 cultural operations as propagation, cultivation and spraying. 



The query, then, at once arises, " Cannot grape-growers take 

 advantage of the variations in grapes and graft varieties that fail 

 in some soils or climates, or because of certain insects or fungi, 

 or that are not easily propagated or are short-lived, on roots of 

 species that withstand these adverse conditions ? " The signal 

 success achieved in grafting varieties of Vitis vinifera, especially 

 susceptible to attacks of phylloxera, on roots of species resistant 

 to this insect, suggests that these other troubles may be more or 



