280 Repokt of the Botanical Department of the 



scattered brown blotches from about 3 cm. above ground up nearly 

 12 cm., but no clefts had resulted. On removal much of the phloem 

 in that region, about half way round the stem, had a brown color, 

 although there were groups of normal colored phloem tissues scat- 

 tered along in the affected area. Most of the cortex, aside from the 

 blotches referred to above, was of normal color and apparently unin- 

 jured. The whole discolored area of bark was removed and the 

 wood underneath it was found to have a normal color also. 



Tree 2/9 (Ben Davis X Mother) having a circumference of 36 cm. 

 and on which the bark had been slit, sustained injuries of a different 

 type, but they were also confined to the lower portion of the trunk. 

 The evident injuries were on the north side and did not extend more 

 than 16 cm. above ground, but there were no clefts aside from the 

 slits made before. A strip of bark on the north side between two of 

 the slits which were about a fourth of the circumference of the trunk 

 apart was loosened from 6 cm. above ground up 7 or 8 cm. It was 

 of normal color except on its imier side where it was slightly browned. 

 The wood surface underneath had a similar appearance. The bark 

 on the west side was also removed but no discolored spots were found 

 in it; however, the edges of the bark along the slits were loose. 



On tree 3/12 (Ben Davis X Mcintosh) which had a circumference 

 of 34.3 cm. the bark appeared discolored on the southwest side over 

 an area of about a third of the circumference and from 5 cm. above 

 ground up 7 or 8 cm. In this case there were only a few small groups 

 of cortical cells in the whole discolored area that were of normal 

 color. Practically the entire phloem was also discolored but the 

 wood underneath appeared normal. The tree was cut off and no 

 discoloration was evident in the wood. However, a few spots were 

 found in the phloem and inner cortex. The injury was confined to 

 the basal 15 cm. of the trunk. 



Tree 5/6 (Esopus X Ben Davis) measured 30.5 cm. in circum- 

 ference. The bark was loosened very sHghtly on the west side along 

 one slit and it had a discolored area on the northwest side covering 

 about a third of the circumference. This discolored patch was 

 similar to that described on tree 1/25, except that there were fewer 

 and smaller normal colored spots in its interior. The discolored 

 and loose bark was removed and the wood underneath appeared 

 normal. The injury was all ^vithin 15 cm. of the ground. 



September 18, four days after treatment, hundreds of the bark- 

 beetles (Scolytus) were present on the remaining three trees, although 

 none could be seen on the surrounding untreated ones. They were 

 especially numerous on trees 1/25 and 2/9 where large numbers of 

 small round holes had been dug or were being dug into the bark 

 of stems, main branches, and around the bases of small twigs and 

 spurs. It seemed as though each hole was bored by a pair of the 

 beetles; at any rate, in instances where a beetle was actually boring 



