!N"ew York Agricultural Experiment Station. 845 



large in size and of fine roundish conic shape. While not quite 

 high enough in quality for a dessert apple it is much better than 

 Ben Davis. 



Schoharie. (Ralls x Northern Spy). — Of Northern Spy type, 

 good size but not large. It has the delicious flavor and aroma of 

 the Spy but its flesh is more yellow. It is in season in late win- 

 ter and spring and is desirable for either cooking or dessert, but 

 is a trifle dull in color. 



Tioga. (^Sutton x NortJiern Spy). — Another most promising, 

 late winter and spring apple of J^orthern Spy shape, of high qual- 

 ity and handsome appearance. It is large in size, yellow in color, 

 blushed, mottled and faintly splashed with pinkish red. 



Westchester. (Ben Davis x Green Newtown). — Of Green 

 Newtown shape, but even better in quality and with the attractive 

 Ben Davis color. It is a medium-sized, early winter, dessert apple. 



Beside these varieties definitely selected for naming and prop- 

 agation, as many others have been retained for further testing as 

 promising. This is a remarkably good showing for seedlings of 

 any kind and would seem to promise satisfactory returns for the 

 time, space and expense involved in future apple breeding. 



It is by crossing like that in these experiments 



New varieties that we must hope to secure valuable new 



almost wholly varieties of apples. There is little or no evi- 



from crosses. dence to show that this fruit can be improved 



by selection within the variety; we have no 

 record that any good apple has come from self -pollinated seeds ; 

 and the number of useful sports is small and conditions under 

 which these originate as yet wholly unknown. Chance seedlings 

 may, of course, give good varieties ; and it is probable that most of 

 our cultivated apples have come from such accidental crossing; 

 but if as good results as were secured in the experiments here dis- 

 cussed can be counted on to follow the crossing of selected parents 

 it is a wast© of time and energy to grow the multitude of seedlings 



