298 Report of the Department of Entomology of the 



Experiments were made in the Experimental Vineyard 

 at Fredonia and in the vineyards of the following men : Nicholas 

 Feinen, George O'Brian, Fredonia; J. Dunham, Brocton; M. B. 

 Jillson and A. Freeling, Westfield; and W. M. Kingsley, Ripley. 

 The conditions of the different tests will be discussed separately. 



M. B. JILLSON VINEYARD. 



This vineyard, near Westfield, was the most severely infested 

 of any in which experiments were conducted. This was due 

 to the location of favorable hibernating places in and about the 

 vineyard and the proximity of spring food plants. (Fig. 2.) 

 The- hibernating quarters of the insect were found to be the 

 wooded banks of a stream, a blackberry patch, a raspberry patch, 

 and grassland ; and many leaf-hoppers also passed the winter in 

 the shelter of the summer grass which the former owner had 

 allowed to grow as a natural cover crop in the vineyard the pre- 

 vious year. When first reported the hoppers were already on 

 the grape foliage in great numbers, where their feeding punctures 

 had caused large areas of the lower leaves to turn brown. For- 

 tunately they were feeding on the lower leaves and therefore 

 "suekering" was delayed until just before spraying. This kept 

 the leaf-hoppers low on the vines and allowed the more permanent 

 foliage to mature the crop. The lower shoots in this vineyard 

 were removed during the second week of July and spraying was 

 commenced on July 15 and continued until the 17th. Only one 

 application was made, using " Black Leaf 40 " in the proportions 

 of one part to sixteen hundred parts of water. In certain por- 

 tions where the root-worm was present in considerable numbers 

 arsenate of lead was used with the nicotine. As a result of the 

 spraying most of the nymphs were killed and the few that re- 

 mained did not seriously affect the vines. Comparison of the 

 foliage of this vineyard with adjoining plantings during Septem- 

 ber and October showed that these hitherto badly-infested vines 

 which had poor prospects during the spring had more green 



