New Yoke Agricultural Experiment Station. 375 



, GREEN FRUIT-WORMS. 

 ( Xylina spp.) 



These insects sometimes do serious injury by eating into the young 

 apples. They also attack pears, plums, cherries, peaches, and quinces. 

 (Plate XXVII, figs. 1 and 2.) The full-grown caterpillars measure 

 from an inch to nearly an inch and a half in length. They are green 

 or yellowish-green in color with various irregular markings and stripes, 

 the most prominent of the latter being a narrow, cream-colored one 

 down the middle of the back and a wider one along each side. The 

 caterpillars are most destructive during May, soon after the fruit 

 has formed. They continue feeding until about the middle of June. 

 They feed mostly at night, resting on the undersides of the leaves 

 during the day. When full grown they go into the ground, form a 

 rough cocoon and pupate. The adults are dull-colored moths, 

 measuring about two inches from tip to tip with the wings spread. 

 They lay their eggs in the spring, and the caterpillars appear during 

 the early leafing period. 



Treatment. — These insects are difficult pests to combat when once 

 they have acquired a taste for the young fruits. They are, however, 

 much less destructive in orchards that are well sprayed each year 

 and given careful attention in other respects. Observations indicate 

 that the most satisfactory means of protecting the crop is thorough 

 spraying with arsenicals before blossoming and after petals drop. 

 Cultivation is unquestionably fatal to many of the pupae in the 

 ground. 



a b 



Fig. 48. — Codling Moth Work in Apple (a) and Adult Moth (b). 



CODLING MOTH. 

 Cydia pomonella Linn. 

 This is the insect that causes " wormy " apples. The eggs, which 

 are whitish, oval discs, are laid promiscuously upon the fruit or even 

 upon the twigs and leaves. They hatch two or three weeks after 

 blossoming. A large proportion of the caterpillars enter the fruit at 

 the blossom end. (Fig. 48, a.) The caterpillars of the second brood 



