33 EXPERIMENTAL FARMS 



4 GEORGE V., A. 1914 



The dairy manufacturing work continues to hold a very prominent position in 

 the work of the Farm, and includes experimental and demonstrational work in the 

 manufacturing and marketing of the above-named products. A new line of work was 

 undertaken during the past year, namely, the production of certified milk. This 

 naturally includes much investigation as to the most economical and perfect procedures 

 both in the stable and in the dairy. In order to secure data that may be regarded as 

 conclusive, this work must be continued for another year before publishing details. 



BEEF PRODUCTION. 



No breeding cattle of the beef breeds are maintained owing to lack of pasture 

 and stable accommodation. Beef work for the past year has consisted wholly of 

 steer-feeding experiments. Representatives of the Shorthorn, Aberdeen Angus, 

 Hereford, and Galloway breeds, one year of age, were included in this experiment. 

 Although not sufficiently uniform to give conclusive comparative results, yet much 

 information of value was gained. The outstanding feature of this experiment was 

 a demonstration of the fact that long-keep steers, especially with an absence of pas- 

 ture and with the present high prices of food-stuffs, give but slight, if any, profit. 



SHEEP. 



The carrying of sheep on the Central Farm is continued under great difficulties. 

 A wide field of investigation and demonstration is opened and in need of prompt 

 attention; nevertheless, with almost no pasture accommodation, such work must 

 remain nearly untouched. Breeding work, on a small scale, is continued with the 

 two breeds, namely Shropshire, representing the medium. wool type, and Leicester, 

 representing the long wool type. Probably no class of live stock is in such backward 

 condition or needs such prompt attention from both experimental and demonstra- 

 tional view-points as sheep. As much work as possible is being conducted on the 

 branch Farms, both in breeding and experimental lamb feeding. 



swiLxe. 



Another most successful year is to be reported for swine husbandry as to net 

 profit, experimental feeding, experimental breeding and the distribution, at a low 

 price, of young, pure-bred breeding animals. Three breeds are maintained, namely, 

 Yorkshire, Tamworth and Berkshire. 



Two very useful and interesting feeding experiments conducted during the year 

 are of much importance to the swine industry. In the summer feeding of hogs for 

 market, it was found that green cut clover, when replacing one-quarter of the meal 

 ration, may acquire a food value of $6.20 per ton. In the winter production of pork, 

 much valuable information relating to the comparative values of meal, skim milk 

 and turnips for growing and fattening hogs was acquired. Such experimental work 

 is being continued in order to demonstrate the most advantageous methods of feeding, 

 and the comparative values of the many food-stuffs either raised on the farm or com- 

 monly found in our markets. 



new cow barn. 



It was found necessary to build a small cow barn for the accommodation of 24 

 milch cows. The object of this building is to have quarters properly equipped both 

 for the carrying on of da'.ry feeding experiments and experiments in pure milk pro-, 

 duction. This building also contains a large room to be utilized, co-operatively with 

 the Chemical Division, for the work on digestibility of food-stuffs. Aside from this, 

 the barn represents a good type of complete modern dairy barn construction as to 

 capacity, economy of structure, strength and lightness of framing, durability, con- 



