REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 37 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 16 



venience, light and ventilation; and one in which both healthy cattle and pure milk 

 may be produced. To date, this structure has proven eminently satisfactory. The 

 accompanying illustrations will show its type of structure. 



There is now at the Central Experimental Farm probably the most modern and 

 complete system of live stock barns, which represent the best type, that can be found 

 in Canada. Many inquiries as to the details of these buildings are coming to the 

 Animal Husbandry Division, in increasing numbers, from all parts of Canada. In 

 consequence, this Division each year is assisting an increasingly large number of 

 farmers in planning for, either the erection of new, or tbe remodelling of old, farm 

 buildings. Such work is encouraged as much as possible ' owing to the fact that the 

 average Canadian farm barn is most undesirable for the maintenance of healthy stock 

 or the economical production of high-quality milk and beef. 



The correspondence of this Division includes inquiries from all parts of Canada 

 relating to the many phases of animal husbandry, such as the best known methods of 

 feeding, breeding, care, management, housing and the prevention and treatment of 

 the many minor ailments of all classes of stock. In consequence, a large amount of 

 information is distributed. 



The Dominion Animal Husbandman, in attending to his duties outside the 

 Central Experimental Farm, has officially visited each of the Branch Farms on which 

 live stock work is conducted or being planned for. In addition much of his time was 

 taken up in attending meetings in various parts of Canada, judging at numerous 

 exhibitions and in studying live stock conditions and the needs for experimental and 

 demonstrational work relating to the same. 



HOETICULTUEAL DIVISION. 



The Horticultural Division has charge of the orchards, small fruit and vegetable 

 plantations, forest belts and ornamental trees and shrubs on the Central Experimental 

 Farm, and carries on experiments in cultural methods and varieties, in spraying and 

 in the breeding of new fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants. In addition to the 

 work on the Central Farm as much aid is given as possible on the branch Farms and 

 Stations in developing horticulture. 



Much correspondence is carried on by the Horticultural Division with farmers 

 and horticulturists throughout Canada and other countries. 



FRUIT AND VEGETABLE CROPS IN CANADA, 1912 



The apple crop in most fruit districts of Canada in 1912 was scarcely a medium 

 one, but in British Columbia it was good. In Eastern Canada, the fruit which was 

 comparatively free of apple scab in the early part of the season, became badly affected 

 in many places in the latter part of the summer, owing, doubtless, to the damp 

 weather. This reduced the grade and the prices, which for the best fruit were rela- 

 tively low. In Eastern Ontario and the southwestern part of the province of Quebec, 

 the ravages of the Tent Caterpillar lessened the crop very much where the tr^ees were 

 not thoroughly sprayed, and left the latter in bad condition for developing fruit buds 

 for 1913. 



Pears were a good crop in the warmer parts of Nova Scotia, but in Ontario tbe 

 crop was below medium. In the upper part of British Columbia it was good, but 

 rather light in the lower mainland and on Vancouver island. The same notes will 

 apply to the plum crop as to the pear, except that along the lower St. Lnwrenee, 

 especially in L'Islet county, it was good. A noted feature of the disposal of the plum 

 crop here was that the bulk of it was canned locally and sold co-operatively. 



