43 EXPERIMENTAL FARMS 



4 GEORGE V., A. 1914 



pounds; Delaware, 528 bushels; Burpee's Extra Early, 519 bushels 12 pounds; Dal- 

 housie Seedling, 519 bushels 12 pounds; Early Hebron, 514 bushels 48 pounds: 

 Carman No. 1, 510 bushels 24 pounds; Houlton Kose, 501 bushels 36 pounds; Clyde, 

 499 bushels 24 pounds. 



TOMATOES UNDER GLASS. 



Eor the past two winters, a variety test of tomatoes has been conducted in the 

 greenhouse. Taking- the results of the two years, the following varieties have given 

 the most satisfactory returns: Industry, Sutton's Satisfaction, Livingston's Globe, 

 Bonny Best, and Winter Beauty. 



ORNAMENTAL GARDENING. 

 \ 



Under Ornamental Gardening comes the culture of ornamental trees, shrubs, 

 and herbaceous plants, and the study of their individual characteristics, such as 

 height, form, colouring, and season of bloom, so that information will be available 

 to Canadians to enable them to plant their places in such a way that the trees, shrubs 

 and herbaceous plants will blend or be contrasted with one another to form pleasing 

 landscape effects. The education of the people by lectures and bulletins on orna- 

 mental gardening and the encouragement of the beautifying of home surroundings, 

 so much needed in Canada, also received attention during the year. In addition, 

 large collections of roses, irises, phloxes, paconies, lilacs, gladioli, geraniums and other 

 ornamental plants have been got together for study. There was a fine display of these 

 at the Central Farm in 1912 and visitors were much interested and pleased with 

 the ornamental grounds as a whole. 



NOVELTIES OF MERIT TESTED. 



Many varieties of annuals were tested in 1912, among these being some novelties 

 of merit: Alonsoa Warscewiczii compacta Cosmos C-i'mson Bay, Calliopsis Radiata 

 Golden Bay, Dimorphotheca aurantiaca hybrids, Hcliauthus Helios, Linaria Maroccana 

 Excelsior, Nemesia hyhrida Blue Gem, Papaver Danebrog; and Phlox paniculata 

 Elizabeth Campbell and Phlox paniculata Frau Anton Buchner, perennials. 



FOREST BELTS. 



The forest belts, planting in which was begun in 1888, furnish interesting data 

 on the relative growth of the different timber trees and the merits of mixing the 

 species or of planting them in blocks of one kind. The annual measurements of a 

 number of trees were taken in 1912, as in previous years. 



PLANT BREEDING. 



The improvement of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants by cross-breeding 

 and selection, and the study of the laws of inheritance in different kinds and varieties 

 of horticultural plants is, in brief, the field of work which is covered in plant breeding 

 in the Horticultural Division. Up to comparatively recent years, Canada has had 

 to depend almost entirely on other countries for her new varieties of fruits, vegetables, 

 and ornamental plants, and, while many of these succeed admirably in this country, 

 it is felt that, if originated in a climate more nearly like where they are to be grown 

 than has been the case in many instances in the past, those that show especial merit 

 are likely to prove more useful than are those introduced from climates very dis- 

 similar. During the past twenty-five years, much attention has been paid to the 

 breeding of horticultural plants at the Central Experimental Earm. 



