DIVISION OF HORTICULTURE 295 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 16 



width, smooth; calyx open; colour yellow, almost or quite covered with crimson; pre- 

 dominnnt colour crimson; seeds medium size, acute; dots numerous, yellow, distinct; 

 hloom bluish; skin thick, tough; flesh yellowish with traces of red, moderately juicy, 

 firm but tender; core medium size; flavour subacid, pleasant; quality above medium 

 to good; season, December probably to March or later. 



Vermac (Lawver x Mcintosh). — Fruit below medium, almost small; form round- 

 ish; cavity medium, depth and width; stem medium length, moderately stout; basin 

 shallow, medium width, wrinkled; calyx closed or partly open; colour yellow almost 

 entirely covered with rich deep attractive crimson; dots small, indistinct; bloom traces, 

 bluish; skin thick, tough; flesh white tinged with red and a bright red core line, 

 tender, juicy; core above medium to large, open; flavour subacid, pleasant, good, with 

 aroma of Mcintosh; quality good; season probably eariy to mid-winter, decidedly 

 later than Mcintosh. 



CROSS-BRED VARIETIES ORIGINATED BY DR. WM. SAUNDERS. 



A large number of cross-bred varieties were originated outside the Horticultural 

 Division at the Central Experimental Farm by Dr. Wm. Saunders, late Director, an 

 account of which work was published by him in Bulletin 68 called ' Progress in the 

 Breeding of Hardy Apples for the Canadian Northwest.' These crosses are now under 

 the charge of the Dominion Horticulturist, and following are descriptions of the besi 

 of the second crosses which fruited in 1912, being the Fi generation from crosses 

 between varieties of the Fi generation of the first cross and named varieties of larger 

 apples. ' Dean/ for instance is P. baccata x Wealthy, and ' Angus ' is Dean x Ontario. 

 The best of the first crosses which were crosses between the wild Siberian crab apple 

 Pyrus baccata and varieties of apples, gave fruit little larger than the best named 

 crab apples, while the second crosses, which have a larger quota of apple blood, have 

 given fruit 21 inches in diameter, and, if they are sufficiently hardy, will prove very 

 valuable. 



Angus (Dean x Ontario). — Fruit below medium to medium in size, 2 by 2£ 

 inches; form roundish, slightly ribbed; cavity narrow, medium depth; stem long, 

 slender; basin open, medium depth, wrinkled; calyx partly open; colour yellow washed 

 with pinkish red; predominant colour pinkish red; seeds medium size for an apple, 

 acute; dots few, small, white, distinct; skin thin, tender; flesh, yellow, crisp, breaking, 

 moderately juicy, core medium; flavour, briskly subacid; quality above medium; 

 season October to middle November. General Notes: No marked resemblance to 

 Ontario. Of good size. Flesh, skin and stem, crab-like; seeds apple-like. 



Elkhorn (Jewel x Gideon). — Fruit large for a crab, small as an apple, If by 2\ 

 inches; form oblate to roundish; cavity open, medium depth; stem long, slender: 

 basin open, wrinkled; calyx closed; colour yellow, well washed with crimson; pre- 

 dominant colour crimson; seeds small for an apple, acute; dots obscure; skin thin, 

 tender; flesh yellowish, crisp, breaking, juicy; core above medium; flavour acid, 

 pleasant; quality above medium; season late September and October. General Notes: 

 This should make a good late crab apple for any part of Canada. No resemblance to 

 Gideon. All marked characters are crab-like. 



Gretna (Pioneer x Northern Spy). — Fruit large for a crab, small for an apple, 9 

 by 2£ inches; form oblate; cavity deep, open; stem medium to long, stout to moder- 

 ately stout; basin open, medium depth, wrinkled; calyx open; colour yellow, washed 

 and splashed with crimson; predominant colour crimson; seed below medium for an 



