DIVISION OF CEREALS 



423 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 16 



WINTER WHEAT. 



No suitable land was available for the winter wheat plots at Ottawa in the 

 autumn of 1911. They were therefore omitted. 



RECOMMENDED VARIETIES OF WINTER WHEAT. 



The climate of Ottawa being too severe for the regular production of good crops 

 of winter wheat, the average yields obtained here would scarcely serve as a satisfac- 

 tory guide for farmers in southern Ontario. Some recommendations in regard to 

 varieties of winter wheat may, however, be given. 



One of the best varieties in the field is Dawson's Golden Chaff (beardless). It 

 has the disadvantage, however, of giving flour which is low in baking strength, and 

 therefore suitable for crackers, cakes, etc., but not for light bread. The gluten con- 

 tent of this variety is not high enough to make it quite satisfactory for the produc- 

 tion of rolled wheat and other similar cereal products, though it is used for these 

 purposes. 



Turkey Red (bearded) yields the strongest flour, but does not as a rule give, in 

 Ontario, as large a yield of grain per acre as some of the other sorts. 



Egyptian Amber (bearded) and Tasmania Red (bearded) give good yields of 

 grain and produce very good flour for bread-making. 



Imperial Amber (bearded) is another variety which can also be recommended 

 both for its high yield and the very fair strength of its flour. 



EMMER AND SPELT. ' 



The plots of Emmer and Spelt were sown on May 3, the seed being used at the 

 rate of about one hundred and twenty pounds (or four bushels by measure) to the 

 acre. 



Common Emmer (often incorrectly called : Speltz ') is one of the best varieties, 

 being less coarse and containing a larger proportion of kernel than most of the other 

 sorts. 



Only the named sorts are here reported upon. Many new varieties under numbers 

 are also being tested. 



Emmer and Spelt. — Test of Varieties. 



X 



5 ■ Name of Variety. 

 S3 



Date of 



sowing 1 . 



Date of 

 ripening. 



lj Red Emmer jMay 3. . 



2 Whit# Spelt... „ 3.. 



3 Double Emmer 3.. 



4 Smooth Spelt n 3.. 



5;Red Spelt 3.. 



6 Common Emmer. . n 3.. 



Aug. 31. 



ii 27. 



„ 13. 



., 27. 



" 27 



,. 20. 



No. of 

 clays 



matur- 

 ing. 



120 

 116 

 102 

 116 

 116 

 109 



Average 



length ] Strength 



of of 



straw, straw on a 



iuclud- scale of 



ing 10 points 

 head. 



Inches. 

 40 

 46 

 34 

 46 

 44 



10 

 10 

 10 

 10 

 10 

 10 



Weight 



per 



measured 



bushel 



after 



cleaning. 



Lb. 



36 



25 



33 



23.3 



27 



35 



OATS. 



In addition to the named varieties here reported upon, twenty plots of new cross- 

 bred sorts under numbers, were tested. These are chiefly crosses having the Chinese 

 Naked oat as one parent. They have inherited from that variety the peculiarity of 

 threshing out free from hull, and may prove valuable on that account. 



