DIVISION OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY 543 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 16 



DAIRY CATTLE 



CENTRAL EXPERIMENTAL FARM, OTTAWA, ONT. 



REPORT OF THE DOMINION ANIMAL HUSBANDMAN— 

 E. S. ARCHIBALD, B.A., B.S.A. 



DAIRY CATTLE. 



There are in all 138 head of cattle in the stables, comprised of 113 pure-bred 

 breeding cattle, 24 grade milch cows and one grade heifer. The pure-breds are kept 

 for experimental breeding and feeding work. 



Pure-Bred Breeding Cattle. 



Ayrshires, 38, including 19 milch cows, 15 heifers and 4 males. 

 Canadians, 27, including 14 milch cows, 8 heifers and 5 males: 

 Guernseys, 22, including 9 milch cows, 9 heifers and 4 males. 

 Holsteins. 18, including 7 milch cows, 7 heifers and 4 males. 

 Jerseys, 8, including 4 milch cows. 2 heifers and 2 males. 



Grade Milch Cows. 



Grade Ayrshire cows, 12. 

 Grade Holstein cows, 12. 



These cows are kept for several reasons, namely: (1) to supply milk for dairy 

 experimental manufacture, (2) to test the high quality grade cow for economy of 

 production, (3) to test the grade against the pure-bred cow. and (4) to obtain the 

 female offspring from these cows and sired by the best obtainable pure-bred bulls of 

 the breeds, (5) to show the advantage of continued and persistent upgrading of the 

 grade herds. This latter experiment is well under way on several branch Farms. 

 Data of such import cannot be acquired too rapidly. 



The herds of dairy cattle, during the year 1912-18, included 77 milch cows, as 

 follows : — 



The Holstein herd, established in the years 1911 and 1912, is here reported upon 

 for the first time. Although seven cows were milking during the year, only five are 

 reported as having finished a lactation period previous to April 1, 1913. 



The Ayrshire herd, established in 1901, remains with almost, no changes since 

 last reported, and contains 19 milch cows. 



The Guernsey herd, also established in 1901, has made only the natural growth, 

 and contains 9 milch cows. 



The French Canadian herd remains practically unchanged, and contains 14 

 milch cows. 



The Jersey herd, established in the years 1911 and 1912, is not reported on for 

 production, as no cows have finished a full lactation period. Only 1 cows and heifers 

 were milking during the year. 



The grade Ayrshire and grade Holstein herds, including in each 12 milch cows, 

 were established during the past year. None, as yet, has completed a full lactation 

 period; hence are not reported. 



